The management of pathogen detection using a rapid and cost‐effective method presents a major challenge to the biological safety of the world. The field of pathogen detection is nascent and therefore, faces a dynamic set of challenges as the field evolves. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), or kala‐azar is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Delay to the accurate diagnosis and treatment is likely to lead to fatality. The reliable, fast and sensitive detection is closely linked to safe and effective treatment of Leishmania spp . Despite several routine and old method for sensitive and specificity detection of Leishmania spp , there is highly demand for developing modern and powerfully system. In this study a novel ultra‐sensitive DNA‐based biosensor was prepared for detection of Leishmania spp . For the first time, the specific and thiolated sequences of the Leishmania spp genome (5′‐SH‐[CH₂]₆ ATCTCGTAAGCAGATCGCTGTGTCAC‐3′) were recognized by electrochemical methods. Also, selectivity of the proposed bioassay was examined by three sequences that were mismatched in 1, 2, and 3 nucleotides. The linear range (10⁻⁶ to 10⁻²¹ M) and limit of detection (LLOQ = 1 ZM) obtained are remarkable in this study. Also, simple and cost‐effective construction of genosensors was another advantage of the proposal DNA‐based assay. The experimental results promise a fast and simple method in detection of kala‐azar patients with huge potential of the nanocomposite‐based probe for development of ideal biosensors.

中文翻译：

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利什曼原虫属与金纳米粒子的结合支持聚乙二醇及其在人血浆样品中的传染性光基因的灵敏检测中的应用：一种新型生物传感器。

使用快速且具有成本效益的方法管理病原体检测对世界生物安全提出了重大挑战。病原体检测领域刚刚起步，因此随着该领域的发展，面临着一系列动态挑战。内脏利什曼病 (VL) 或黑热病是最严重的利什曼病。延误准确的诊断和治疗很可能导致死亡。可靠，快速，灵敏的检测是紧密相连的安全有效的治疗利什曼原虫 属。尽管有过一些常规的老方法的敏感性和特异性检测利什曼原虫 属，对开发现代而强大的系统有很高的需求。在这项研究中的新的基于DNA的超灵敏的生物传感器被用于检测制备利什曼原虫 属。首次通过电化学方法识别了利什曼原虫基因组（5'-SH-[CH ₂ ] ₆ ATCTCGTAAGCAGATCGCTGTGTCAC-3'）的特异性和硫醇化序列。此外，提议的生物测定的选择性通过三个在 1、2 和 3 个核苷酸上错配的序列进行了检查。线性范围（10 ^-6到 10 ^-21M) 和检测限 (LLOQ = 1 ZM) 在本研究中非常显着。此外，基因传感器的简单且具有成本效益的构建是提议的基于 DNA 的测定的另一个优点。实验结果为检测黑热病患者提供了一种快速而简单的方法，具有开发理想生物传感器的纳米复合探针的巨大潜力。