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Shape analysis of railway ballast stones: curvature-based calculation of particle angularity.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62827-w
Bettina Suhr 1 , William A Skipper 2 , Roger Lewis 2 , Klaus Six 1
Affiliation  

Particle shape analysis is conducted, to compare two types of railway ballast: Calcite and Kieselkalk. Focus lies on the characterisation of particle angularity using 3D scanner data. In the literature, angularity is often characterised using 2D data, as these types of data are easier to collect. 3D scanner data contain a vast amount of information (e.g. curvatures) which can be used for shape analysis and angularity characterisation. Literature approaches that use 3D data are often not thoroughly tested, due to a lack of test cases. In this work, two new curvature-based angularity indices are introduced and compared to one from the literature. Analytical test bodies with shapes ranging from spherical towards cubic are used for a first plausibility test. Then, 3D scans of ballast stones are compared to artificially rounded meshes. Only one out of three evaluated angularity indices seem to be suited to characterise angularity correctly in all of the above tests: the newly introduced scaled Willmore energy. A complete shape analysis of the scanned ballast stones is conducted and no difference between the two types of ballast can be seen regarding form, angularity, roughness, sphericity or convexity index. These findings of shape analysis are set in the context of previous works, where experimental results and DEM simulations of uniaxial compression tests and direct shear tests were presented for the same ballast types.



中文翻译:

铁路道砟形状分析:基于曲率的颗粒棱角计算。

进行颗粒形状分析,以比较两种类型的铁路道砟:方解石和 Kieselkalk。重点在于使用 3D 扫描仪数据表征粒子角度。在文献中,通常使用 2D 数据来表征角度,因为这些类型的数据更容易收集。3D 扫描仪数据包含大量信息(例如曲率),可用于形状分析和角度表征。由于缺乏测试用例,使用 3D 数据的文献方法通常没有经过彻底的测试。在这项工作中,引入了两个新的基于曲率的角度指数,并与文献中的一个进行了比较。形状从球形到立方体的分析测试体用于第一次合理性测试。然后,将压载石的 3D 扫描与人工圆形网格进行比较。在上述所有测试中,似乎只有三分之一的评估棱角指数适合正确表征棱角:新引入的标度威尔莫尔能量。对扫描的压载石进行了完整的形状分析,在形状、棱角、粗糙度、球形度或凸度指数方面,两种压载物之间没有差异。形状分析的这些发现是在先前工作的背景下设定的,其中针对相同的道碴类型提供了单轴压缩试验和直剪试验的实验结果和 DEM 模拟。对扫描的压载石进行了完整的形状分析,在形状、棱角、粗糙度、球形度或凸度指数方面,两种压载物之间没有差异。形状分析的这些发现是在先前工作的背景下设定的,其中针对相同的道碴类型提供了单轴压缩试验和直剪试验的实验结果和 DEM 模拟。对扫描的压载石进行了完整的形状分析,在形状、棱角、粗糙度、球形度或凸度指数方面,两种压载物之间没有差异。形状分析的这些发现是在先前工作的背景下设定的,其中针对相同的道碴类型提供了单轴压缩试验和直剪试验的实验结果和 DEM 模拟。

更新日期:2020-04-08
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