Hyperuricemia is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, the threshold value of serum uric acid levels for increased risk of mortality has not been determined. This large-scale cohort study used a nationwide database of 500,511 Japanese subjects (40–74 years) who participated in the annual health checkup and were followed up for 7 years. The association of serum uric acid levels at baseline with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was examined. The Cox proportional hazard model analysis with adjustment for possible confounders revealed that the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality showed a J-shaped association with serum uric acid levels at baseline in both men and women. A significant increase in the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was noted with serum uric acid levels ≥ 7 mg/dL in men and ≥ 5 mg/dL in women. A similar trend was observed for cardiovascular mortality. This study disclosed that even a slight increase in serum uric acid levels was an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in both men and women in a community-based population. Moreover, the threshold values of uric acid for mortality might be different for men and women.

高尿酸血症与全因和心血管死亡率有关。但是，尚未确定增加死亡风险的血清尿酸水平的阈值。这项大规模的队列研究使用了全国性数据库，该数据库包含500,511名日本受试者（40-74岁），他们参加了年度健康检查并随访了7年。检查了基线时血清尿酸水平与心血管和全因死亡率的关系。对可能的混杂因素进行调整后的Cox比例风险模型分析显示，男女的全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率均与基线血尿酸水平呈J型关联。男性血清尿酸浓度≥7 mg / dL，女性尿酸浓度≥5 mg / dL，导致全因死亡率的危险比显着增加。心血管死亡率也观察到类似趋势。这项研究表明，即使是社区人群中的男性和女性，血清尿酸水平的略微升高也是全因和心血管死亡的独立危险因素。此外，男女的尿酸死亡率阈值可能有所不同。