Gauges modify wind fields, producing important systematic errors (undercatching) in the measurement of solid precipitation (Ps), especially under windy conditions. A methodology that combines geostatistical techniques and hydrological models to perform a preliminary assessment of global undercatch and precipitation patterns in alpine regions is proposed. An assessment of temperature and precipitation fields is performed by applying geostatistical approaches assuming different hypothesis about the relationship between climatic fields and altitude. Several experiments using different approximations of climatic fields in different approaches to a hydrological model are evaluated. A new hydrological model, the Snow-Temez Model (STM), is developed including two parameters to correct the solid (Cs) and liquid precipitation (Cr). The procedure allows identifying the best combination of geostatistical approach and hydrological model for estimating streamflow in the Canales Basin, an alpine catchment of the Sierra Nevada (Spain). The sensitivity of the results to the correction of the precipitation fields is analyzed, revealing that the results of the streamflow simulation are improved when the precipitation is corrected considerably. High values of solid Cs are obtained, while Cr values, although smaller than the solid one, are also significant.

中文翻译：

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高寒盆地“追赶”和降水模式的初步评估

仪表会修改风场，在测量固体降水 (Ps) 时会产生重要的系统误差（欠捕捉），尤其是在有风的条件下。提出了一种结合地质统计技术和水文模型的方法，对高山地区的全球欠捕量和降水模式进行初步评估。对温度场和降水场的评估是通过应用地质统计学方法进行的，假设气候场和海拔之间的关系有不同的假设。评估了在水文模型的不同方法中使用不同气候场近似值的几个实验。开发了一种新的水文模型，即 Snow-Temez 模型 (STM)，包括两个参数来校正固体 (Cs) 和液体沉淀 (Cr)。该程序允许确定地质统计方法和水文模型的最佳组合，用于估计内华达山脉（西班牙）的高山集水区 Canales 盆地的流量。分析了结果对降水场校正的敏感性，揭示了当降水得到较大校正时，水流模拟的结果得到了改善。获得了较高的固体 Cs 值，而 Cr 值虽然小于固体值，但也很重要。表明当降水得到显着校正时，水流模拟的结果得到了改善。获得了较高的固体 Cs 值，而 Cr 值虽然小于固体值，但也很重要。表明当降水得到显着校正时，水流模拟的结果得到了改善。获得了较高的固体 Cs 值，而 Cr 值虽然小于固体值，但也很重要。