Because of the nutritional ecology of dung- and carrion-feeding, bacteria are the integral part of Lucilia sericata life cycle. Nevertheless, the disinfected larvae of the blowfly are applied to treat human chronic wounds in a biosurgery named maggot debridement therapy (MDT). To realize the effects of location/diet on the gut bacteria, to infer the role of bacteria in the blowfly ecology plus in the MDT process, and to disclose bacteria circulating horizontally in and vertically between generations, bacterial communities associated with L. sericata specimens from various sources were investigated using culture-based and culture-independent methods. In total, 265 bacteria, including 20 families, 28 genera, and 40 species, were identified in many sources of the L. sericata. Culture-dependent method identified a number of 144 bacterial isolates, including 21 species, in flies reared in an insectary; specimens were collected from the field, and third-instar larvae retrieved from chronic wounds of patients. Metagenetic approach exposed the occurrences of 121 operational taxonomic units comprising of 32 bacterial species from immature and adult stages of L. sericata. Gammaproteobacteria was distinguished as the dominant class of bacteria by both methods. Bacteria came into the life cycle of L. sericata over the foods and transovarially infected eggs. Enterococcus faecalis, Myroides phaeus, Proteus species, Providencia vermicola, and Serratia marcescens were exchanged among individuals via transstadial transmission. Factors, including diets, feeding status, identification tool, gut compartment, and life stage, governed the bacteria species. Herein, we reemphasized that L. sericata is thoroughly connected to the bacteria both in numerous gut compartments and in different life stages. Among all, transstadially transmitted bacteria are underlined, indicating the lack of antagonistic effect of the larval excretions/secretions on these resident bacteria. While the culture-dependent method generated useful data on the viable aerobic gut bacteria, metagenomic method enabled us to identify bacteria directly from the tissues without any need for cultivation and to facilitate the identification of anaerobic and unculturable bacteria. These findings are planned to pave the way for further research to determine the role of each bacterial species/strain in the insect ecology, as well as in antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities.

中文翻译：

---

在药用Mag的生活史上对可培养和不可培养细菌的新见解Lucilia sericata（Meigen）（Diptera：Calliphoridae）。

由于粪便和腐肉的营养生态学，细菌是绢ilia生命周期不可或缺的一部分。然而，在称为named蝇清创疗法（MDT）的生物外科手术中，将虫蝇的幼虫消毒后用于治疗人类慢性伤口。为了了解位置/饮食对肠道细菌的影响，推断细菌在蝇蝇生态学和MDT过程中的作用，并揭示各代之间水平和垂直循环的细菌，这些细菌与丝状线虫样本有关。使用基于文化和独立于文化的方法调查了各种来源。在丝胶乳杆菌的许多来源中共鉴定出265种细菌，包括20个科，28属和40种。培养依赖性方法鉴定出144种细菌分离株，在昆虫中饲养的蝇类中包括21种；从野外收集标本，并从患者的慢性伤口中取出三龄幼虫。遗传学方法揭示了121种可操作分类单元的发生，这些单元包括32种来自绢丝线虫不成熟和成年阶段的细菌。两种方法都把丙型细菌作为主要细菌。在食物和经卵巢感染的卵中，细菌进入了绢丝线虫的生命周期。粪肠球菌，类固醇类，变形杆菌属，普罗维登斯菌和粘质沙雷氏菌通过跨界传播在个体之间进行交换。影响细菌种类的因素包括饮食，进食状态，识别工具，肠腔和生命阶段。在此，我们再次强调L。绢线虫在许多肠道隔室和不同生命阶段都与细菌彻底连接。其中，下划线标出了经细菌传播的细菌，这表明幼虫排泄物/分泌物对这些常驻细菌缺乏拮抗作用。尽管依赖培养物的方法产生了关于有氧需氧菌的有用数据，但宏基因组学方法使我们无需培养即可直接从组织中鉴定细菌，并有助于鉴定厌氧和不可培养的细菌。这些发现计划为进一步研究确定每种细菌物种/菌株在昆虫生态学以及抗菌，抗生物膜，抗炎和伤口愈合活动中的作用铺平道路。