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Characteristics of fresh and aged volatile organic compounds from open burning of crop residues.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138545 Xinyi Niu 1 , Jianjun Li 2 , Qiyuan Wang 2 , Steven Sai Hang Ho 3 , Jian Sun 4 , Li Li 2 , Junji Cao 2 , Kin Fai Ho 5
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138545 Xinyi Niu 1 , Jianjun Li 2 , Qiyuan Wang 2 , Steven Sai Hang Ho 3 , Jian Sun 4 , Li Li 2 , Junji Cao 2 , Kin Fai Ho 5
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Open burning of crop residues is a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which contribute substantially to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in the atmosphere. An integrated system of combustion chamber coupled with potential aerosol mass (PAM) reactor was used to demonstrate the emission characteristics of fresh and aged VOCs (corresponding to 2- and 7-day atmospheric aging) from the burning of rice, maize, and wheat straws. The average emission factor (EF) of quantified non-methane VOCs (NMVOCs) emitted from the straw (fresh) was 1.82 ± 0.41 g/kg and wheat straw had the highest EFs. The EF residues of quantified NMVOCs decreased considerably after photo-oxidation in PAM. Stronger oxidation condition (7-day aging) produced a 57.2% decline in NMVOC EFs, compared with 42.3% decline during 2-day atmospheric aging. The largest declines were observed in the alkenes group: 82.6% and 66.2% after 7- and 2-day aging, respectively, which is consistent with their high reactivity toward oxidation with ozone and hydroxyl radical (OH). Aromatic compounds mainly reacted with OH, and their EFs decreased 59.1% on average. Alkanes were much less reactive, and their EFs only decreased an average of 29.8% after the oxidation processes. Considerable SOAs formation was observed in the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) filter samples collected after the oxidation of isoprene, benzene and toluene. The moderate to strong correlations between isoprene and isoprene-derived SOAs, between benzene and toluene with nitrophenols, and between toluene and aromatic acids demonstrate that the VOCs were degraded in the reactions with oxidative radicals, producing active contributors to SOAs formations.
中文翻译：
作物残渣的明火燃烧后的新鲜和老化挥发性有机化合物的特征。
作物残渣的露天焚烧是挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的主要来源，挥发性有机化合物（VOC）极大地促进了大气中次级有机气溶胶（SOA）的形成。使用燃烧室与潜在气溶胶质量（PAM）反应器的集成系统来证明稻米，玉米和麦秸秆燃烧时新鲜和老化的VOC的排放特征（对应于2天和7天的大气老化） 。从秸秆（新鲜）排放的定量非甲烷VOC（NMVOC）的平均排放因子（EF）为1.82±0.41 g / kg，而小麦秸秆的EFs最高。在PAM中进行光氧化后，定量NMVOC的EF残留量显着降低。较强的氧化条件（7天老化）使NMVOC EF下降57.2％，而2天大气老化则下降42.3％。在烯烃组中观察到最大的下降：老化7天和2天后分别下降了82.6％和66.2％，这与它们对臭氧和羟基自由基（OH）的高氧化反应性相一致。芳香族化合物主要与OH反应，其EFs平均下降59.1％。烷烃的反应性要低得多，在氧化过程之后，它们的EF仅平均下降29.8％。在异戊二烯，苯和甲苯氧化后收集的细颗粒物（PM2.5）过滤器样品中观察到明显的SOA形成。异戊二烯和异戊二烯衍生的SOA之间，苯和甲苯与硝基酚之间以及甲苯和芳族酸之间的中度到强相关性表明，VOC在与氧化性自由基的反应中被降解，
更新日期：2020-04-08
中文翻译：
作物残渣的明火燃烧后的新鲜和老化挥发性有机化合物的特征。
作物残渣的露天焚烧是挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的主要来源，挥发性有机化合物（VOC）极大地促进了大气中次级有机气溶胶（SOA）的形成。使用燃烧室与潜在气溶胶质量（PAM）反应器的集成系统来证明稻米，玉米和麦秸秆燃烧时新鲜和老化的VOC的排放特征（对应于2天和7天的大气老化） 。从秸秆（新鲜）排放的定量非甲烷VOC（NMVOC）的平均排放因子（EF）为1.82±0.41 g / kg，而小麦秸秆的EFs最高。在PAM中进行光氧化后，定量NMVOC的EF残留量显着降低。较强的氧化条件（7天老化）使NMVOC EF下降57.2％，而2天大气老化则下降42.3％。在烯烃组中观察到最大的下降：老化7天和2天后分别下降了82.6％和66.2％，这与它们对臭氧和羟基自由基（OH）的高氧化反应性相一致。芳香族化合物主要与OH反应，其EFs平均下降59.1％。烷烃的反应性要低得多，在氧化过程之后，它们的EF仅平均下降29.8％。在异戊二烯，苯和甲苯氧化后收集的细颗粒物（PM2.5）过滤器样品中观察到明显的SOA形成。异戊二烯和异戊二烯衍生的SOA之间，苯和甲苯与硝基酚之间以及甲苯和芳族酸之间的中度到强相关性表明，VOC在与氧化性自由基的反应中被降解，
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