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Inferring the sources of postglacial range expansion in two large European land snails
Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12368 Ondřej Korábek 1 , Lucie Juřičková 2 , Adam Petrusek 1
Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12368 Ondřej Korábek 1 , Lucie Juřičková 2 , Adam Petrusek 1
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Exact locations of glacial refugia are relevant for the study of contemporary biodiversity, not only as places less disturbed during the climatic changes but also as sources of rapid expansion of the biota after the Last Glacial cycle. If continuously inhabited over several of the Quaternary glacial cycles, the refugia are readily identifiable by the accumulated genetic diversity. However, the sources of the Holocene range expansion, particularly important for the emergence of present‐day bio‐ and phylogeographic patterns and for realistic estimation of species’ expansion rates, might have been located at the fringes of the glacial species ranges and lack unique lineages. This problem is pertinent when the variation is explored at slowly evolving genetic markers. We suggest that the location of such source refugia may be approximated by reconstructing the geographic location as a continuous trait evolving along the branches of a phylogenetic tree. We applied this approach, using the BEAST software, on two large southeast European land snail species: Caucasotachea vindobonensis and Helix thessalica. We found evidence for C. vindobonensis refugia in the western Balkans; notable is an apparently old refugium in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The plausible sources of the species’ Holocene range expansion, however, were located around the south‐western end of the Carpathians. Although the source areas were likely similar in H. thessalica, some expansion sources suggested by the analyses (e.g., Podolia, Ukraine) appeared implausible and driven by sampling clustered in that area. The applied approach allows for additional exploitation of the mitochondrial data gathered during the past two decades of animal phylogeography studies.
中文翻译：
推断出欧洲两只大型蜗牛在冰川后范围扩展的来源
冰川避难所的确切位置与当代生物多样性的研究有关，不仅因为气候变化期间受干扰较少的地方，而且还作为最后一次冰川循环之后生物群快速扩张的来源。如果在几个第四纪冰川周期中持续居住，则通过积累的遗传多样性可以很容易地识别出避难所。但是，全新世范围扩展的源头可能位于冰川物种范围的边缘，并且缺乏独特的世系，这对于当今生物和系统学模式的出现以及对物种扩展率的现实估计特别重要。 。当在缓慢发展的遗传标记物上探索变异时，这个问题是相关的。我们建议，可以通过将地理位置重建为沿着系统树的分支演化的连续性状来近似估计这种源避难所的位置。我们使用BEAST软件将这种方法应用于两种东南欧大型蜗牛：高加索（Caucasotachea）vindobonensis和螺旋藻（thelixssalal）。我们在巴尔干西部发现了C. vindobonensis refugia的证据。值得注意的是波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的一个显然是古老的避难所。但是，该物种全新世范围扩展的合理来源位于喀尔巴阡山脉的西南端附近。尽管Thessalica的来源地区可能相似，但分析建议的一些扩展来源（例如，Podolia，乌克兰）似乎难以置信，并且受到该地区聚集样本的驱动。应用的方法可以进一步利用在过去二十年的动物系统地理学研究中收集的线粒体数据。
更新日期：2020-02-11
中文翻译：
推断出欧洲两只大型蜗牛在冰川后范围扩展的来源
冰川避难所的确切位置与当代生物多样性的研究有关，不仅因为气候变化期间受干扰较少的地方，而且还作为最后一次冰川循环之后生物群快速扩张的来源。如果在几个第四纪冰川周期中持续居住，则通过积累的遗传多样性可以很容易地识别出避难所。但是，全新世范围扩展的源头可能位于冰川物种范围的边缘，并且缺乏独特的世系，这对于当今生物和系统学模式的出现以及对物种扩展率的现实估计特别重要。 。当在缓慢发展的遗传标记物上探索变异时，这个问题是相关的。我们建议，可以通过将地理位置重建为沿着系统树的分支演化的连续性状来近似估计这种源避难所的位置。我们使用BEAST软件将这种方法应用于两种东南欧大型蜗牛：高加索（Caucasotachea）vindobonensis和螺旋藻（thelixssalal）。我们在巴尔干西部发现了C. vindobonensis refugia的证据。值得注意的是波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的一个显然是古老的避难所。但是，该物种全新世范围扩展的合理来源位于喀尔巴阡山脉的西南端附近。尽管Thessalica的来源地区可能相似，但分析建议的一些扩展来源（例如，Podolia，乌克兰）似乎难以置信，并且受到该地区聚集样本的驱动。应用的方法可以进一步利用在过去二十年的动物系统地理学研究中收集的线粒体数据。
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