The Midday jird Meriones meridianussensu lato is a widely distributed and highly variable species complex, whose taxonomy is still controversial despite several genetic and morphological studies. Dzungaria is a crucial region for understanding the phylogeny and phylogeography of this species complex. In this work, the genetic variation of M. meridianus in Dzungaria and adjacent areas was studied based on mitochondrial (Cytb) and nuclear (BRCA1 and IRBP) genes. To compare morphological and genetic differentiation among lineages, craniological variation of the genotyped specimens was examined. Moreover, environmental data were used to estimate the most probable dispersal routes of M. meridianus clades in the studied area. Three clades of M. meridianus with interspecific level of differentiation were found and treated as distinct species: M. psammophilus (Milne‐Edwards, 1871); M. meridianus (Pallas, 1773); and M. penicilliger (Heptner, 1933). The distribution ranges of all three species overlap in Dzungaria. According to the molecular data, M. psammophilus and M. meridianus are sister taxa that diverged ca. 500 kya, while M. penicilliger separated from the common ancestor of the other two lineages ca. 800 kya. These three species have significantly different cranial measurements. Moreover, traces of hybridization between M. psammophilus and M. meridianus were detected, but not between M. penicilliger and the other two species. Finally, the dispersal scenarios for M. psammophilus, M. meridianus, and M. penicilliger are herein discussed. It is suggested that M. meridianusand M. penicilligerindependently colonized Dzungaria from the west via Dzungarian gates.

中文翻译：

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准z属中午吉德（Meriones meridianus）物种群的系统地理学，系统发育和分类学修订

Midday jird Meriones meridianus sensu lato是一个分布广泛且高度可变的物种复合体，尽管进行了几项遗传和形态学研究，其分类学仍存在争议。真菌属是了解该种复合体系统发育和系统地理学的关键区域。在这项工作中，基于线粒体（Cytb）和核（BRCA1和IRBP）基因研究了子z和邻近地区子午线虫的遗传变异。为了比较谱系之间的形态学和遗传学差异，检查了基因型标本的颅骨变异。此外，使用环境数据来估计子午线虫最可能的扩散途径研究区域的进化枝。发现了三个具有种间分化水平的子午线虫进化枝，并将其视为不同的物种：沙门氏菌（Milne-Edwards，1871年）。子午线肌（M. meridianus）（帕拉斯，1773年）; 和M. penicilliger（Heptner，1933年）。这三种物种的分布范围在非洲杂aria中重叠。根据分子数据，沙门氏菌和子午线菌是姐妹类群，它们在约 500 kya，而M. penicilliger与其他两个谱系的共同祖先分离。800千 这三个物种的颅骨测量值明显不同。而且，之间的杂交痕迹检出了沙门氏菌和子午线菌，但未检出青霉菌和其他两个物种。最终，本文讨论了嗜沙门氏菌，子午线菌和青霉菌的分散情况。有人建议M. meridianus和M. penicilliger通过Dzungarian门从西部独立地定殖于Zgungaria。