Evidence for divergence between sympatric stone charr and Dolly Varden along unique environmental gradients in Kamchatka,Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research

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Evidence for divergence between sympatric stone charr and Dolly Varden along unique environmental gradients in Kamchatka
Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12367
Nikolai O. Melnik ₁ , Grigorii N. Markevich ₂ , Eric B. Taylor ₃ , Aleksey V. Loktyushkin ₄ , Evgeny V. Esin _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Here, we describe the biological and ecological differences between partially anadromous Dolly Varden and riverine stone charr distributed in the Kamchatka River middle course. Endemic stone charr, being the ambush predator, is defined by the accelerated growth and prolonged lifespan, robust body, and large mouth, as well as specific marble coloration since an early age. The significant restriction in gene flow between the stone charr and benthos‐eating Dolly Varden was supported by an allelic distribution of eight microsatellite loci. Herewith, the identity of mitochondrial DNA control region and intron sequences of growth hormone and metallothionein genes confirms a relatively recent diversification of the groups within the single basin. We suggest the key role of the specific environment for reproduction isolation of stone charr. It occupies coniferous taiga zone with dark‐colored water, whereas Dolly Varden spawns uppercourse in the zone of stunted, windblown forest. Conifer litter decomposition products could drive natural selection of stone charr via metabolism acceleration and resistance to toxicants. The metabolic difference could promote piscivory and development of the specific morphological peculiarities of the stone charr. Therefore, we present the first evidence in favor of trophic‐based sympatric diversification in a river basin at high latitudes.

中文翻译：

堪察加半岛独特的环境梯度使同胞石炭黑和多莉·瓦尔登之间产生分歧的证据

在这里，我们描述了在堪察加河中游分布的部分缺水的多莉·瓦尔登（Dolly Varden）和沿河的石炭之间的生物学和生态差异。特有的石炭黑是埋伏性捕食者，其定义是自幼就开始加速生长，延长寿命，坚固的身体和宽大的嘴巴，以及特定的大理石着色。8个微卫星基因座的等位基因分布支持了石炭和吃底栖鱼类的多莉·瓦尔登之间基因流动的显着限制。因此，线粒体DNA控制区的身份以及生长激素和金属硫蛋白基因的内含子序列的确定，证实了单个盆地内各组的相对较新的多样化。我们建议特定环境对石炭繁殖隔离的关键作用。它占据着针叶针叶林针叶林带深色的水，而多莉·瓦尔登（Dolly Varden）在发育不良的风吹森林区中产卵。针叶树凋落物分解产物可通过新陈代谢的加速和对毒物的抵抗力来推动石炭的自然选择。代谢差异可促进食石动物和石炭特定形态特征的发展。因此，我们提出了在高纬度流域以营养为基础的同胞同化多样化的第一个证据。代谢差异可促进食石动物和石炭特定形态特征的发展。因此，我们提出了在高纬度流域以营养为基础的同胞同化多样化的第一个证据。代谢差异可促进食石动物和石炭特定形态特征的发展。因此，我们提出了在高纬度流域以营养为基础的同胞同化多样化的第一个证据。

更新日期：2020-02-04

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