Changes in the frequency and extent of wildfires are expected to lead to substantial and irreversible alterations to permafrost landscapes under a warming climate. Here we review recent publications (2010–2019) that advance our understanding of the effects of wildfire on surface and ground temperatures, on active layer thickness and, where permafrost is ice‐rich, on ground subsidence and the development of thermokarst features. These thermal and geomorphic changes are initiated immediately following wildfire and alter the hydrology and biogeochemistry of permafrost landscapes, including the release of previously frozen carbon. In many locations, permafrost has been resilient, with key characteristics such as active layer thickness returning to pre‐fire conditions after several decades. However, permafrost near its southern limit is losing this resiliency as a result of ongoing climate warming and increasingly common vegetation state changes. Shifts in fire return intervals, severity and extent are expected to alter the trajectories of wildfire impacts on permafrost, and to enlarge spatial impacts to more regularly include the burning of tundra areas. Modeling indicates some lowland boreal forest and tundra environments will remain resilient while uplands and areas with thin organic layers and dry soils will experience rapid and irreversible permafrost degradation. More work is needed to relate modeling to empirical studies, particularly incorporating dynamic variables such as soil moisture, snow and thermokarst development, and to identify post‐fire permafrost responses for different landscape types and regions. Future progress requires further collaboration among geocryologists, ecologists, hydrologists, biogeochemists, modelers and remote sensing specialists.

中文翻译：

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野火对永久冻土景观的影响：近期进展和未来前景回顾

在气候变暖的情况下，预计野火频率和范围的变化将导致永久冻土景观发生实质性和不可逆转的变化。在这里，我们回顾了最近的出版物（2010-2019 年），这些出版物促进了我们对野火对地表和地面温度、活动层厚度以及永久冻土层富含冰层、地面沉降和热岩溶特征发展的影响的理解。这些热和地貌变化在野火后立即开始，并改变了永久冻土景观的水文和生物地球化学，包括先前冻结的碳的释放。在许多地方，永久冻土具有弹性，其关键特征是活动层厚度在几十年后恢复到火灾前的条件。然而，由于持续的气候变暖和日益普遍的植被状态变化，靠近南部边界的永久冻土正在失去这种弹性。预计火灾重现间隔、严重程度和范围的变化将改变野火对永久冻土的影响轨迹，并将空间影响扩大到更经常地包括苔原地区的燃烧。建模表明，一些低地北方森林和苔原环境将保持弹性，而高地和有机层较薄且土壤干燥的地区将经历快速且不可逆转的永久冻土退化。需要做更多的工作将建模与实证研究联系起来，特别是结合动态变量，如土壤湿度、雪和热岩溶发展，并确定不同景观类型和区域的火灾后永久冻土响应。