1. Understanding the successional patterns of microbial communities during a phytoplankton bloom is crucial for predicting the compositional and functional stability of lake ecosystems in response to the disturbance of a bloom. Previous studies on bacterial communities associated with blooms have rarely studied the dynamics of these communities. The successional patterns of bacterial communities within different micro‐habitats (i.e. water column versus particles) and mechanisms that shape these communities that differ in composition and structure remain unclear.
2. We selected a eutrophic urban lake to investigate the succession of bacterial communities during a bloom. We divided the bacterial communities into free‐living (FL) and particle‐attached (PA) groups based on their different lifestyles. The amplicon‐based 16S rRNA gene high‐throughput sequencing technology was used to obtain bacterial community composition and phylogenetic structure.
3. Our study showed distinct successional patterns between FL and PA bacterial communities, and the two bacterial lifestyles showed different responses and resilience to the bloom, in terms of diversity and relative abundance of bacterial taxa. Alpha‐diversity of the PA bacterial community decreased during the bloom, whereas that of the FL bacterial community increased. More taxa in the FL bacterial community showed resilience after the disturbance than in the PA bacterial community.
4. The influence of phytoplankton blooms on the assembly of the bacterial community can be viewed as niche selection that led to the decrease in the relative importance of stochastic processes in shaping both FL and PA bacterial communities. This study shows the ecological significance of the bacterial community response to bloom events in lakes. It also shows that assembly processes differ for bacterial communities that have different lifestyles in lake ecosystems disturbed by phytoplankton blooms.

中文翻译：

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浮游植物盛开期间自由活动和附着颗粒的细菌群落的不同演替模式和过程

1. 了解浮游植物开花期间微生物群落的演替模式对于预测湖泊生态系统响应开花的干扰而组成和功能的稳定性至关重要。先前对与花开有关的细菌群落的研究很少研究这些群落的动态。尚不清楚不同微生境中细菌群落的演替模式（即水柱与颗粒）以及影响这些群落组成和结构不同的机制。
2. 我们选择了富营养的城市湖泊来调查盛开期间细菌群落的演替。根据生活习惯的不同，我们将细菌群落分为自由生活（FL）和附着颗粒（PA）组。基于扩增子的16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术用于获得细菌群落组成和系统发育结构。
3. 我们的研究显示了FL和PA细菌群落之间截然不同的演替模式，并且两种细菌的​​生活方式在细菌分类群的多样性和相对丰度方面都显示出对水华的不同反应和适应力。在开花期间，PA细菌群落的α多样性降低，而FL细菌群落的α多样性升高。干扰后，FL细菌群落中的分类单元显示出比PA细菌群落中更多的分类。
4. 浮游植物水华对细菌群落组装的影响可以看作是利基选择，这导致随机过程在塑造FL和PA细菌群落中的相对重要性降低。这项研究表明了细菌群落对湖泊水华事件的生态学意义。它还表明，对于受到浮游植物水华干扰的湖泊生态系统中具有不同生活方式的细菌群落，其组装过程有所不同。