Moving in and out of vulnerability: Interrogating migration as an adaptation strategy along a rural–urban continuum in India,The Geographical Journal

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Moving in and out of vulnerability: Interrogating migration as an adaptation strategy along a rural–urban continuum in India
The Geographical Journal ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-25 , DOI: 10.1111/geoj.12328
Chandni Singh ₁ , Ritwika Basu ₁

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Migration is a key livelihood strategy to diversify incomes, reduce risks associated with rainfed agriculture and the effects of climate change, and meet personal aspirations. Drawing on life history interviews with migrant and non‐migrant families, we explore the role of migration and commuting in addressing livelihood vulnerability along a rural–urban continuum in Karnataka, India. We find that labelling migration as an adaptation strategy or not does not necessarily capture the breadth of experiences and implications for livelihoods that migrants and their families face. At an intra‐household level, migration and commuting can alleviate vulnerability for some family members while exacerbating vulnerability of others. At a larger scale, migration that is adaptive at a household scale can be maladaptive at a system scale, where cities are unable to provide for or absorb migrants who often live in highly vulnerable conditions. Finally, on a temporal scale, migration and commuting affect livelihood trajectories and choices beyond the migrants alone, and understanding how these strategies affect household vulnerability over time is crucial for adaptation research. We also highlight the use of life histories as a methodological tool that complements current econometric approaches exploring migration and allows for in‐depth and temporally sensitive inquiry into the drivers and consequences of migration.

中文翻译：

移入和移出脆弱性：将移民作为一种适应策略，沿着印度的城乡连续体进行调查

移民是一项重要的谋生战略，旨在使收入多样化，减少与雨养农业有关的风险和气候变化的影响，并满足个人的愿望。根据对移民和非移民家庭的生活史访谈，我们探讨了迁移和通勤在解决印度卡纳塔克邦农村-城市连续体的生计脆弱性方面的作用。我们发现，将移徙标记为是否是一种适应策略并不一定反映了移徙者及其家人所面对的经验和对生计的影响。在家庭内部，移民和通勤可以减轻某些家庭成员的脆弱性，同时加剧其他人的脆弱性。在更大的规模上，在家庭规模上适应性迁移可能在系统规模上适应不良，城市无法提供或吸收经常生活在高度脆弱条件下的移民的地方。最后，在时间上，迁移和通勤不仅影响移民，还影响生计轨迹和选择，了解随着时间的推移这些策略如何影响家庭脆弱性对于适应性研究至关重要。我们还将重点介绍生活史作为一种方法论工具，它是对当前探索移民的计量经济学方法的补充，并允许对移民的动因和后果进行深入和时间敏感的询问。了解这些策略如何随着时间的推移影响家庭脆弱性对于适应性研究至关重要。我们还将重点介绍生活史作为一种方法论工具，它是对当前探索移民的计量经济学方法的补充，并允许对移民的动因和后果进行深入和时间敏感的询问。了解这些策略如何随着时间的推移影响家庭脆弱性对于适应性研究至关重要。我们还将重点介绍生活史作为一种方法论工具，它是对当前探索移民的计量经济学方法的补充，并允许对移民的动因和后果进行深入和时间敏感的询问。

更新日期：2019-10-25

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