Evolution of multivariate wing allometry in schizophoran flies (Diptera: Schizophora),Journal of Evolutionary Biology

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Evolution of multivariate wing allometry in schizophoran flies (Diptera: Schizophora)
Journal of Evolutionary Biology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 , DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13613
Patrick T Rohner ₁

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The proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying scaling relationships as well as their evolutionary consequences remain an enigmatic issue in evolutionary biology. Here, I investigate the evolution of wing allometries in the Schizophora, a group of higher Diptera that radiated about 65 million years ago, by studying static allometries in five species using multivariate approaches. Despite the vast ecological diversity observed in contemporary members of the Schizophora and independent evolutionary histories throughout most of the Cenozoic, size‐related changes represent a major contributor to overall variation in wing shape, both within and among species. Static allometries differ between species and sexes, yet multivariate allometries are correlated across species, suggesting a shared developmental programme underlying size‐dependent phenotypic plasticity. Static allometries within species also correlate with evolutionary divergence across 33 different families (belonging to 11 of 13 superfamilies) of the Schizophora. This again points towards a general developmental, genetic or evolutionary mechanism that canalizes or maintains the covariation between shape and size in spite of rapid ecological and morphological diversification during the Cenozoic. I discuss the putative roles of developmental constraints and natural selection in the evolution of wing allometry in the Schizophora.

中文翻译：

裂腹果蝇多元翼异速生长的进化（双翅目：裂腹）

尺度关系背后的直接和最终机制及其进化后果仍然是进化生物学中的一个谜题。在这里，我通过使用多变量方法研究五个物种的静态异速异速，研究了裂螅纲（一种大约 6500 万年前辐射的高等双翅目动物）翅膀异速生长的演变。尽管在当代裂螈类成员中观察到巨大的生态多样性，并且在新生代的大部分时间里都有独立的进化历史，但与体型相关的变化是物种内部和物种之间翅膀形状总体变化的主要贡献者。静态异速异速在物种和性别之间有所不同，但多变量异速异速在物种之间是相关的，这表明大小依赖的表型可塑性背后有一个共同的发育程序。物种内的静态异速异构也与裂螅纲 33 个不同科（属于 13 个总科中的 11 个）的进化分化相关。这再次指向了一种普遍的发育、遗传或进化机制，尽管新生代期间生态和形态迅速多样化，但该机制仍能疏导或维持形状和大小之间的共变。我讨论了发育限制和自然选择在裂孔藻翅膀异速进化中的假定作用。

更新日期：2020-03-24

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