Seirinae is one of the most diverse subfamilies of Collembola. To date no detailed phylogeny of Seirinae has been proposed, which leads to difficulties in the understanding of evolutionary patterns regarding this taxon. The main aim of this study is to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the Neotropical Seirinae, by generating and analysing the mitochondrial genomes of 26 terminal taxa of Entomobryidae, and one species of Paronellidae. Specifically, we first generated Illumina HiSeq 2000 shotgun sequence data from each species, then reconstructed the mitochondrial genome of each species using two methods: MitoZ and MIRA/MITOBim. Using these data, we were able to generate a well‐supported phylogeny that combined all the above species as well as three publicly available mitogenomes from other species. Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods were applied using all 13 protein coding genes. In this way, monophyly for the internal groups of Seirinae was obtained based on molecular evidence for the first time, as was the potential validity of three main internal taxa of the subfamily. We furthermore validated that Tyrannoseira is a distinct lineage and propose the elevation of Lepidocyrtinus to genus. Lastly, we anticipate that these newly available mitogenomes will serve as a useful dataset for future studies on the evolution of the Collembola and Hexapoda.

中文翻译：

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基于线粒体基因组的 Neotropical Seirinae (Collembola, Entomobryidae) 的系统发育

Seirinae 是跳虫最多样化的亚科之一。迄今为止，还没有提出 Seirinae 的详细系统发育，这导致难以理解有关该分类群的进化模式。本研究的主要目的是通过生成和分析昆虫纲的 26 个末端分类群和鹦鹉科的一个物种的线粒体基因组，阐明新热带丝虫亚科内部的系统发育关系。具体来说，我们首先从每个物种生成 Illumina HiSeq 2000 鸟枪序列数据，然后使用两种方法重建每个物种的线粒体基因组：MitoZ 和 MIRA/MITOBim。使用这些数据，我们能够生成一个得到充分支持的系统发育，它结合了上述所有物种以及来自其他物种的三个公开可用的有丝分裂基因组。使用所有 13 个蛋白质编码基因应用贝叶斯和最大似然方法。通过这种方式，首次基于分子证据获得了 Seirinae 内部群体的单一性，以及该亚科三个主要内部分类群的潜在有效性。我们进一步验证了霸王龙是一个独特的谱系，并建议将鳞鳞甲藻提升为属。最后，我们预计这些新可用的有丝分裂基因组将作为未来研究弹尾目和六足动物进化的有用数据集。我们进一步验证了霸王龙是一个独特的谱系，并建议将鳞鳞甲藻提升为属。最后，我们预计这些新可用的有丝分裂基因组将作为未来研究弹尾目和六足动物进化的有用数据集。我们进一步验证了霸王龙是一个独特的谱系，并建议将鳞鳞甲藻提升为属。最后，我们预计这些新可用的有丝分裂基因组将作为未来研究弹尾目和六足动物进化的有用数据集。