American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) has different clinical manifestations and those are dependent on the immunological status of the host. Since CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and its mediators play a fundamental role in the host response to Leishmania and that there is also a search for antigenic molecules to be used as future vaccines and tools for prognostic tests, this study characterized ACL patients immune response after stimulation with soluble and insoluble fractions of L. (V.) braziliensis. We demonstrated a prevailing production of the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, and a specific production of IFN-γ and TNF-α in patients before treatment. There was also a predominance of CD4⁺ T cells and a small percentage CD8⁺ T cells. The insoluble antigenic fraction primarily stimulated CD4⁺ T cells while the soluble antigenic fraction showed a mixed profile, with CD4⁺ T cells being the main responsible for Th2 cytokines and CD8⁺ T cells for Th1 cytokines. Therefore, our results showed that a down modulation of the Th1 type of response occurs in the initial phase of L. braziliensis disease being the antigenic fractions capable of stimulating a specific immune response.

中文翻译：

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巴西利什曼原虫 (Viannia) 抗原组分：疾病初期患者的免疫反应特征

美国皮肤利什曼病 (ACL) 有不同的临床表现，这些表现取决于宿主的免疫状态。由于 CD4 ⁺和 CD8 ⁺ T 细胞及其介质在宿主对利什曼原虫的反应中发挥着重要作用，并且还在寻找可用作未来疫苗和预后测试工具的抗原分子，这项研究表征了 ACL 患者的免疫反应用L. (V.) braziliensis的可溶性和不溶性部分刺激后。我们证明了治疗前患者体内普遍产生了 Th2 细胞因子 IL-4 和 IL-10，以及特定的 IFN-γ 和 TNF-α 产生。^{CD4 +}也占优势T 细胞和一小部分 CD8 ⁺ T 细胞。不溶性抗原部分主要刺激 CD4 ⁺ T 细胞，而可溶性抗原部分显示混合特征，其中 CD4 ⁺ T 细胞主要负责 Th2 细胞因子，而 CD8 ⁺ T 细胞主要负责 Th1 细胞因子。因此，我们的研究结果表明，Th1 型应答的下调发生在巴西乳杆菌病的初始阶段，即能够刺激特定免疫应答的抗原部分。