A phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus Dendrochilum s.l. (including Bracisepalum) is based on nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS and two plastid regions (matK, ycf1). The trees based on parsimony analysis of the nrITS and plastid partitions, respectively, are largely congruent, the only strongly supported conflict being the exact position of D. arachnites. Maximum likelihood analysis of the combined molecular matrix resulted in a tree with very high topological congruence to the parsimony consensus tree and to a fossil‐calibrated Bayesian inference tree that was used for dating. Our results confirm that monophyly of Dendrochilum is only supported if Bracisepalum is included in the former. They also suggest that only two subgenera (Dendrochilum, Platyclinis) should be recognized, whereas all other subgenera and sections previously proposed on a morphological basis should be treated as synonyms of subg. Platyclinis. Indeed, mapping of five vegetative and nine floral characters of alleged systematic value, using DELTRAN and ACCTRAN optimization, demonstrates pronounced morphological homoplasy. Molecular time calibration dates the origin of the genus to the Miocene and contradicts the hypothesis that most extant Dendrochilum species did not evolve until the Holocene. Inferred phylogenetic relationships between extant species, in combination with previously identified hotspots of narrow endemism, suggest that species endemism in Dendrochilum is predominantly centric.

中文翻译：

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树毛（兰科）的系统发育学：明显的形态同质性和主要为中心特有性的证据

Dendrochilum sl属（包括Bracisepalum）的系统发育假说是基于核糖体ITS和两个质体区（matK，ycf1）的核苷酸序列。分别基于对nrITS和质体分区的简约分析的树木在很大程度上是一致的，唯一受到强烈支持的冲突是D. arachnites的确切位置。对组合的分子矩阵进行最大似然分析，得出的树与简约共识树和用于定年的化石校准贝叶斯推理树具有很高的拓扑一致性。我们的研究结果证实，单系的足杜兰属仅支持，如果Bracisepalum包含在前者中。他们还建议，仅应识别两个亚属（Dendrochilum，Platyclinis），而以前基于形态学提出的所有其他亚属和部分应被视为subg的同义词。侧柏。确实，使用DELTRAN和ACCTRAN优化绘制了据称具有系统价值的5个植物营养特征和9个花卉特征，显示出明显的形态同源性。分子时间校准将中属的起源追溯到中新世，并与大多数现存的树毛虫的假设相矛盾。直到全新世才开始进化。推断的现存物种之间的系统发育关系，再加上先前确定的狭窄地方特有热点，表明Dendrochilum中的物种特有主要集中于中心。