Fungi are essential components of all terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the crucial ecological role of soil fungi in grasslands, knowledge about fungal community diversity and structure in Mediterranean meadow habitats is still fragmentary. We analyzed macrofungal communities in three geographically distinct Mediterranean montane calcareous grasslands and surrounding forests, by means of fruit body surveys. We investigated a number of biotic and abiotic factors influencing the studied fungal communities, including plant species composition. Out of 6365 fruit bodies, a total of 268 species belonging to 84 genera were found. In general, there was a significant correlation between plant species richness and fungal richness. Variation in vegetation and plant community structure accounted for approximately 20% of variance in fungal community structure. Tree and shrub vegetation played a dominant role in shaping the analyzed fungal communities, both in meadows and surrounding forests, with particular influence on ectomycorrhizal, litter, and lignicolous saprotrophic fungi. Fungal biodiversity in the studied meadows was increased by the presence of tree and shrub species from the adjacent forests, but was reduced by the increasing vegetation cover.

中文翻译：

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对大型真菌群落的分析表明，地中海山地钙质草原与周围森林生境之间存在复杂的相互影响

真菌是所有陆地生态系统的重要组成部分。尽管土壤真菌在草原中起着至关重要的生态作用，但有关地中海草甸生境中真菌群落多样性和结构的知识仍然是零碎的。我们通过子实体调查分析了三个地理上不同的地中海山地钙质草原和周围森林中的大型真菌群落。我们调查了许多影响所研究真菌群落的生物和非生物因素，包括植物物种组成。在6365个子实体中，共发现268个属84属的物种。通常，植物物种丰富度和真菌丰富度之间存在显着的相关性。植被和植物群落结构的变化约占真菌群落结构变化的20％。在草地和周围森林中，树木和灌木植被在分析真菌群落的形成中起着主导作用，特别是对外生菌根，凋落物和木质腐生腐生真菌的影响特别大。被研究的草地上的真菌生物多样性由于邻近森林中树木和灌木物种的存在而增加，但由于植被覆盖率的增加而减少。