In recent decades, a striking number of countries have suffered from consecutive disasters: events whose impacts overlap both spatially and temporally, while recovery is still under way. The risk of consecutive disasters will increase due to growing exposure, the interconnectedness of human society, and the increased frequency and intensity of nontectonic hazard. This paper provides an overview of the different types of consecutive disasters, their causes, and impacts. The impacts can be distinctly different from disasters occurring in isolation (both spatially and temporally) from other disasters, noting that full isolation never occurs. We use existing empirical disaster databases to show the global probabilistic occurrence for selected hazard types. Current state‐of‐the art risk assessment models and their outputs do not allow for a thorough representation and analysis of consecutive disasters. This is mainly due to the many challenges that are introduced by addressing and combining hazards of different nature, and accounting for their interactions and dynamics. Disaster risk management needs to be more holistic and codesigned between researchers, policy makers, first responders, and companies.

中文翻译：

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为什么我们不能再忽视连续性灾难

在最近的几十年中，许多国家遭受了连续的灾难：事件的影响在空间和时间上都是重叠的，而恢复工作仍在进行中。由于暴露的增加，人类社会的相互联系以及非构造灾害的频度和强度增加，连续灾害的风险将增加。本文概述了连续性灾难的不同类型，其成因和影响。这些影响可能与孤立地（在空间和时间上）与其他灾难孤立发生的灾难截然不同，并指出永远不会发生完全孤立。我们使用现有的经验灾难数据库来显示选定灾害类型的全球概率发生率。当前最新的风险评估模型及其输出无法对连续的灾难进行全面的表示和分析。这主要是由于应对和组合不同性质的危害并考虑其相互作用和动态性而引入了许多挑战。研究人员，政策制定者，第一响应者和公司之间，灾害风险管理需要更加全面和编码。