Suicide rates have risen in the United States, and there has been a simultaneous, nearly ubiquitous decrease in services provided on psychiatric inpatient units (e.g., shorter stays, almost exclusive emphasis on crisis management). Despite limited research demonstrating its efficacy for reducing suicide risk, inpatient hospitalization remains the treatment of choice (and often legally mandated) for highly suicidal individuals. In this review, we discuss the sometimes-confusing guidelines providers follow concerning psychiatric hospitalization for suicidal individuals. We then highlight the considerable evidence of heightened suicide risk and other negative outcomes during and immediately following hospitalization. Finally, we propose critical research directions to rigorously evaluate whether psychiatric hospitalization is iatrogenic, at least for some individuals. Such research has far-reaching implications for practice and policy.

中文翻译：

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精神病住院治疗对自杀行为的潜在医源性影响：一项重要的审查和研究建议

美国的自杀率上升，同时，精神病住院病房提供的服务几乎普遍减少（例如，更短的住院时间，几乎完全强调危机管理）。尽管有限的研究证明了其降低自杀风险的功效，但住院治疗仍然是高度自杀者的首选治疗方法（并且通常是法律规定的）。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了提供者有时会遵循的关于自杀者的精神病住院治疗的令人困惑的指南。然后，我们强调在住院期间和住院后立即增加自杀风险和其他负面结果的大量证据。最后，我们提出了重要的研究方向，以严格评估精神病住院是否是医源性的，至少对于某些人来说。此类研究对实践和政策具有深远的影响。