Lilienfeld (2007, Psychological treatments that cause harm. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 53) identified a list of potentially harmful therapies (PHTs). Given concerns regarding the replicability of scientific findings, we conducted a meta-scientific review of Lilienfeld's PHTs to determine the evidential strength for harm. We evaluated the extent to which effects used as evidence of harm were as follows: (a) (in)correctly reported; (b) well-powered; (c) statistically significant at an inflated rate given their power; and (d) stronger compared with null effects of ineffectiveness or evidence of benefit, based on a Bayesian index of evidence. We found evidence of harm from some PHTs, though most metrics were ambiguous. To enhance provision of ethical and science-based care, a comprehensive reexamination of what constitutes evidence for claims of harm is necessary.

中文翻译：

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潜在有害疗法：证据价值的元科学回顾

Lilienfeld (2007, 造成伤害的心理治疗。心理科学观点, 2, 53) 确定了潜在有害疗法 (PHT) 的列表。鉴于对科学发现的可复制性的担忧，我们对 Lilienfeld 的 PHT 进行了元科学审查，以确定损害的证据强度。我们评估了用作伤害证据的影响的程度如下： (a) （不）正确报告；(b) 动力充足；(c) 考虑到他们的权力，以夸大的速度统计显着；(d) 基于贝叶斯证据指数，与无效或有益证据的无效效应相比更强。我们发现了一些 PHT 造成伤害的证据，尽管大多数指标都是模棱两可的。为了加强提供道德和科学护理，