Investigation of cytoskeleton during bacterial infection has significantly contributed to both cell and infection biology. Bacterial pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri are widely recognised as paradigms for investigation of the cytoskeleton during bacterial entry, actin‐based motility, and cell‐autonomous immunity. At the turn of the century, septins were a poorly understood component of the cytoskeleton mostly studied in the context of yeast cell division and human cancer. In 2002, a screen performed in the laboratory of Pascale Cossart identified septin family member MSF (MLL septin‐like fusion, now called SEPT9) associated with L. monocytogenes entry into human epithelial cells. These findings inspired the investigation of septins during L. monocytogenes and S. flexneri infection at the Institut Pasteur, illuminating important roles for septins in host–microbe interactions. In this review, we revisit the history of septin biology and bacterial infection, and discuss how the comparative study of L. monocytogenes and S. flexneri has been instrumental to understand septin roles in cellular homeostasis and host defence.

中文翻译：

---

Septin生物学和细菌感染的历史。

细菌感染过程中细胞骨架的研究对细胞生物学和感染生物学都做出了重要贡献。细菌病原体单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌和弗氏志贺氏菌是细菌进入，基于肌动蛋白的运动性和细胞自主免疫过程中细胞骨架研究的范例。在本世纪之交，Septins是细胞骨架的一个鲜为人知的组成部分，主要在酵母细胞分裂和人类癌症的背景下进行研究。2002年，在Pascale Cossart实验室进行的筛选确定了与单核细胞增生李斯特菌相关的Septin家族成员MSF（MLL septin样融合蛋白，现称为SEPT9）。进入人类上皮细胞。这些发现的启发septins期间的调查单增李斯特菌和福氏感染巴斯德研究所，照亮重要角色在主机微生物相互作用septins。在这次审查中，我们重温的Septin生物和细菌感染的历史，并讨论的比较研究如何单增李斯特菌和福氏一直有助了解细胞稳态和宿主防御的Septin角色。