Bone metabolism is a lifelong process that includes bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are the predominant cell types associated with bone metabolism, which is facilitated by other cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteocytes and chondrocytes. As an important component in our daily diet, fatty acids are mainly categorized as long‐chain fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs), saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs), medium‐/short‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs/SCFAs) as well as their metabolites. Fatty acids are closely associated with bone metabolism and associated bone disorders. In this review, we summarized the important roles and potential therapeutic implications of fatty acids in multiple bone disorders, reviewed the diverse range of critical effects displayed by fatty acids on bone metabolism, and elucidated their modulatory roles and mechanisms on specific bone cell types. The evidence supporting close implications of fatty acids in bone metabolism and disorders suggests fatty acids as potential therapeutic and nutritional agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic bone diseases.

中文翻译：

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骨脂肪酸的治疗潜力和调节机制


骨代谢是一个终生过程，包括骨形成和骨吸收。成骨细胞和破骨细胞是与骨代谢相关的主要细胞类型，骨代谢由骨髓间充质干细胞 (BMMSC)、骨细胞和软骨细胞等其他细胞促进。脂肪酸作为我们日常饮食的重要组成部分，主要分为长链脂肪酸，包括多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）、单不饱和脂肪酸（LCMUFA）、饱和脂肪酸（LCSFAs）、中/短链脂肪酸（MCFA/SCFA）及其代谢物。脂肪酸与骨代谢和相关的骨疾病密切相关。在这篇综述中，我们总结了脂肪酸在多种骨疾病中的重要作用和潜在的治疗意义，回顾了脂肪酸对骨代谢表现出的多种关键作用，并阐明了它们对特定骨细胞类型的调节作用和机制。支持脂肪酸在骨代谢和疾病中密切影响的证据表明脂肪酸作为治疗和预防代谢性骨疾病的潜在治疗剂和营养剂。