Bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel was used as a three‐dimensional scaffold for the hierarchical formation of nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH). The formation was completed, without the need of any external energy utilization, special apparatus, and surface modification at room temperature. A solution‐process method is utilized through controlled reaction conditions. The proposed mechanism ascribed that the abundant water channels in the BC hydrogel play a pivotal role in the formation of hierarchical NiOOH nanocoating on individual fiber while preserving the open three‐dimensional structures of BC. The composite structures in both hydrogel and freeze‐dried forms were compared using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X‐ray diffractions. Furthermore, the formation mechanism was explained on the basis of spectroscopy analysis. As a final step, the formed aerogels (BC‐NiOOH) were annealed at 300°C for a particular time to transform NiOOH to hierarchical nickel oxide (NiO) on the surface of BC without any structural deformation.

中文翻译：

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羟基氧化镍在细菌纤维素水凝胶上的分层生长：水凝胶中水通道形成分层结构的作用

细菌纤维素（BC）水凝胶用作三维支架，用于羟基氧化镍（NiOOH）的分层形成。无需任何外部能源利用，专用设备和在室温下进行表面改性即可完成成型。通过控制反应条件采用溶液法。所提出的机制归因于BC水凝胶中丰富的水通道在保留单个BC的开放三维结构的同时，在单个纤维上形成分层NiOOH纳米涂层中起着关键作用。使用光学显微镜，扫描电子显微镜和粉末X射线衍射比较了水凝胶和冻干形式的复合结构。此外，在光谱分析的基础上解释了形成机理。