Nanoparticle is a microscopic particle that has been existed in a wide range of biotechnological purposes. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) have fewer environmental hazards and have shown positive impacts in the medical field. This work aimed to observe the effects of low and high doses of ZnO‐NPs on heart injury induced by ionizing radiation (IR). Animals were irradiated by 8 Gy of gamma rays and ZnO‐NPs (10 and 300 mg/Kg/day) were orally delivered to rats 1 hour after irradiation. Animals were dissected on 15th day postirradiation. Data showed that the oxidative damage resulted from radiation exposure, appeared by marked increments in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the level and protein expression of thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) with a noticeable decline in the level and expression of thioredoxin 1 (Trx‐1) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), as well as glutathione (GSH) level and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Moreover, radiation‐induced inflammation, manifested by a noticeable elevation in the level of tumor necrotic factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐18 (IL‐18), and C‐reactive protein (CRP). Additionally, endothelial dysfunction marked with a high level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), total nitrite/nitrate (NOx), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1), homocysteine (Hcy), creatine kinase (CK‐MB), cardiac troponin‐I (cTn‐I), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, a decrease of zinc (Zn) level in the cardiac tissue was recorded. ZnO‐NPs treatment (10 mg/kg) mitigated the oxidative stress and inflammation effects on the cardiovascular tissue through the positive modulations in the studied parameters. In contrast, ZnO‐NPs treatment (300 mg/kg) induced cardiovascular toxicity of normal rats and elevated the deleterious effects of radiation. In conclusion, ZnO‐NPs at a low dose could mitigate the adverse effects on cardiovascular tissue induced by radiation during its applications, while the high dose showed morbidity and mortality in normal and irradiated rats.

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米颗粒对硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白和不对称二甲基精氨酸作为伽马辐射大鼠心血管疾病生化指标的影响

纳米粒子是一种微观粒子，已存在于广泛的生物技术用途中。氧化锌纳米粒子 (ZnO-NPs) 对环境的危害较小，并在医学领域显示出积极的影响。这项工作旨在观察低剂量和高剂量的 ZnO-NPs 对电离辐射 (IR) 诱导的心脏损伤的影响。动物接受 8 Gy 伽马射线照射，照射后 1 小时将 ZnO-NPs（10 和 300 mg/Kg/天）口服给药于大鼠。在照射后第 15 天解剖动物。数据表明，氧化损伤是由辐射暴露引起的，通过丙二醛（MDA）含量和硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（TXNIP）的水平和蛋白质表达的显着增加出现，硫氧还蛋白1（Trx-1）和硫氧还蛋白还原酶（TrxR）的水平和表达显着下降，如以及谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 水平和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 的活性。此外，辐射诱导的炎症表现为肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）和C反应蛋白（CRP）水平的显着升高。此外，内皮功能障碍以高水平的不对称二甲基精氨酸 (ADMA)、总亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐 (NOx)、细胞间粘附分子 1 (ICAM-1)、同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)、肌酸激酶 (CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白- I (cTn-I) 和乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)。此外，还记录了心脏组织中锌 (Zn) 水平的降低。ZnO-NPs 处理（10 mg/kg）通过对研究参数的正向调节减轻了氧化应激和炎症对心血管组织的影响。相比之下，ZnO-NPs 治疗（300 mg/kg）会诱导正常大鼠的心血管毒性并增加辐射的有害影响。总之，低剂量的 ZnO-NPs 可以减轻其应用过程中辐射对心血管组织的不利影响，而高剂量的 ZnO-NPs 在正常和辐射大鼠中显示出发病率和死亡率。ZnO-NPs 处理（10 mg/kg）通过对研究参数的正向调节减轻了氧化应激和炎症对心血管组织的影响。相比之下，ZnO-NPs 治疗（300 mg/kg）会诱导正常大鼠的心血管毒性并增加辐射的有害影响。总之，低剂量的 ZnO-NPs 可以减轻其应用过程中辐射对心血管组织的不利影响，而高剂量的 ZnO-NPs 在正常和辐射大鼠中显示出发病率和死亡率。ZnO-NPs 处理（10 mg/kg）通过对研究参数的正向调节减轻了氧化应激和炎症对心血管组织的影响。相比之下，ZnO-NPs 治疗（300 mg/kg）会诱导正常大鼠的心血管毒性并增加辐射的有害影响。总之，低剂量的 ZnO-NPs 可以减轻其应用过程中辐射对心血管组织的不利影响，而高剂量的 ZnO-NPs 在正常和辐射大鼠中显示出发病率和死亡率。