Wind load of an external floating-roof tank is analyzed using large eddy simulation (LES). First, the governing equations and a LES solution procedure employing FLUENT software are presented. Subsequently, using two benchmark tank models, the accuracy of LES is examined and the advantages of LES over wind Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method in computing the unsteady wind loads and vortex structures around a tank are validated. Finally, using LES, the turbulent flows and wind loads around an external floating-roof tank at varying Reynolds numbers and liquid levels are analyzed. The DSM SGS model was found to have better accuracy when LES is applied to the tank flow. For an external floating-roof tank, the Reynolds number has little influence on the wind load at Re > 10⁶, while the liquid level affects significantly both the wind loads on the tank and the vortex structures in the flow, and the wind pressure on the internal wall distributes more evenly than that on the external wall, due to the recirculation of the flow in the cavity above the roof. In all cases, the pressure on the external floating-roof tank oscillates apparently with time, which indicates the necessity of applying LES to the wind load analysis of tanks.

使用大涡模拟（LES）分析外部浮顶储罐的风荷载。首先，给出了使用FLUENT软件的控制方程和LES解法。随后，使用两个基准储罐模型，检查了LES的准确性，并验证了LES在计算储罐周围的非恒定风载荷和涡旋结构方面，与雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方法相比的优势。最后，使用LES，分析了不同雷诺数和液位的外部浮顶罐周围的湍流和风荷载。发现将LES应用于油箱流量时，DSM SGS模型具有更好的精度。对于外部浮顶水箱，雷诺数对Re  > 10 ^6时的风荷载影响很小，但液位会显着影响罐中的风载荷和流中的涡流结构，并且由于腔体内流的再循环，内壁上的风压比外壁上的风压分布更均匀在屋顶上方。在所有情况下，外部浮顶油箱上的压力都会随着时间明显波动，这表明有必要在油箱的风荷载分析中应用LES。