Abstract Rock-fall incidents have the characteristics of multiple, sudden and random, which threaten the surrounding buildings and traffic lines. This paper studied the monitoring and prediction of rock falls with a new synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology. One of the most important factors in rock-fall target detection is the signal-to-clutter-plus noise ratio (SCNR) after clutter suppression, which should be maximized before rock-fall target detection. Through analysing the remainder characteristics of rock-fall targets after clutter suppression, a method of removing the quadratic frequency-modulated (FM) component associated with the azimuth velocity and along-track velocity of a rock-fall target is proposed. After removing the quadratic FM component using dechirp technology, focus is placed on the remainder signal of a rock-fall target in a Doppler domain image, and the SCNR of the signal is maximized. This method provides effective rock-fall target detection. To resolve the contradiction between the computational accuracy and the accuracy of the along-track velocity, this paper adopts gradual approach technology. Finally, by analysing the focused signal characteristics, a method of rock-fall target parameter estimation is proposed. The effectiveness of the presented method is demonstrated by both theoretic analysis and simulations.

中文翻译：

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一种基于多通道SAR的落石动态监测与参数估计新方法

摘要 落石事故具有多发性、突发性、随机性等特点，对周边建筑物和交通线路构成威胁。本文研究了一种新的合成孔径雷达（SAR）技术对落石的监测和预测。落石目标检测中最重要的因素之一是杂波抑制后的信杂加噪声比（SCNR），它应该在落石目标检测之前最大化。通过分析杂波抑制后落石目标的剩余特性，提出了一种去除落石目标方位速度和沿航迹速度相关的二次调频(FM)分量的方法。使用 dechirp 技术去除二次 FM 分量后，将焦点放在多普勒域图像中岩石坠落目标的剩余信号上，并使信号的 SCNR 最大化。该方法提供了有效的落石目标检测。为了解决计算精度与沿轨速度精度之间的矛盾，本文采用渐进逼近技术。最后，通过对聚焦信号特征的分析，提出了一种落石目标参数估计方法。理论分析和仿真都证明了所提出方法的有效性。通过对聚焦信号特征的分析，提出了一种落石目标参数估计方法。理论分析和仿真都证明了所提出方法的有效性。通过对聚焦信号特征的分析，提出了一种落石目标参数估计方法。理论分析和仿真都证明了所提出方法的有效性。