Skyrmions are vortex-like textures of magnetic moments found in some magnetically ordered materials. Here we describe the origin of the skyrmion and discuss the experimental realisation of skyrmions in magnetic materials, the dynamic properties of the skyrmion and the potentially useful interaction of skyrmions with electrons. Our discussion is based on the physics of fields and allows us to touch on notions from field theory and topology that illustrate how skyrmions can be understood as part of a family of defects in an ordered field and hint at other topological objects that await our discovery.

中文翻译：

---

磁性材料中的 Skyrmions

Skyrmions 是在一些磁性有序材料中发现的类似涡旋的磁矩结构。在这里，我们描述了斯格明子的起源，并讨论了斯格明子在磁性材料中的实验实现、斯格明子的动态特性以及斯格明子与电子的潜在有用相互作用。我们的讨论基于场的物理学，并允许我们触及场论和拓扑中的概念，这些概念说明了如何将斯格明子理解为有序场中一系列缺陷的一部分，并暗示其他有待我们发现的拓扑对象。