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Great spotted cuckoos show dynamic patterns of host selection during the breeding season. The importance of laying stage and parasitism status of magpie nests
Behavioral Ecology ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-28 , DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz208
Manuel Soler 1, 2 , Tomás Pérez-Contreras 1 , Juan José Soler 2, 3
Affiliation  

Avian brood parasites depend entirely on their hosts to raise their nestlings until independence. Thus, parasite females should select suitable host nests for egg laying according to traits that enhance offspring survival. The availability of nests of certain characteristics influencing the survival of parasitic offspring is, however, temporally dynamic and, thus, patterns of host selection should be evaluated considering characteristics of available host nests the day of parasitism. This allows detecting possible seasonal changes and, therefore, a more realistic picture of host selection by brood parasites. In this paper, we adopt such a new approach and consider daily availability of magpie (Pica pica) host nests at different breeding stage that were or were not parasitized by the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius). Theory predicts that cuckoos should select host nests at the laying stage. Accordingly, we detected that cuckoos preferred to parasitize magpie nests at the laying stage but, mainly, those that already harbored one or two cuckoo eggs, which may seem counterintuitive. We also showed that patterns of host selection by cuckoos varied during the breeding season, which implies that brood parasite–host interaction is dynamic depending on phenology. These patterns are hidden when not considering the temporally dynamic nature of the availability of host nests of characteristics of interest. We discuss the importance of such patterns and considering diary hosts nests availability for detecting them.

中文翻译:

斑杜鹃在繁殖季节表现出寄主选择的动态模式。喜nest的产卵阶段和寄生状态的重要性

禽类寄生虫完全依靠宿主繁殖,直至独立。因此,寄生虫雌性应根据能提高后代存活率的性状选择合适的寄主巢来产卵。但是,影响寄生后代生存的某些特征的巢的可用性在时间上是动态的,因此,应考虑寄生天的可用宿主巢的特征来评估宿主选择的模式。这样可以检测可能的季节变化,因此,可以更真实地了解母体寄生虫对寄主的选择。在本文中,我们采用了这种新方法,并考虑了在不同繁殖阶段被that杜鹃(Clamator glandarius)寄生或未寄生的para(Pica pica)寄主巢的日常可用性。理论预测杜鹃应在产蛋阶段选择寄主巢。因此,我们发现杜鹃在产蛋阶段更喜欢将喜nest巢寄生,但主要是那些已经藏有一两个杜鹃卵的杜鹃,这似乎是违反直觉的。我们还表明,在繁殖季节,杜鹃对寄主的选择方式各不相同,这表明,根据物候的不同,巢内寄生虫与寄主之间的相互作用是动态的。当不考虑感兴趣特征的宿主巢的可用性的时间动态特性时,这些模式将被隐藏。我们讨论了这种模式的重要性,并考虑了日记主机嵌套是否可用以检测它们。那些已经藏有一两个杜鹃蛋的动物,这似乎违反直觉。我们还表明,在繁殖季节,杜鹃对寄主的选择方式各不相同,这表明,根据物候的不同,巢内寄生虫与寄主之间的相互作用是动态的。当不考虑感兴趣特征的宿主巢的可用性的时间动态特性时,这些模式将被隐藏。我们讨论了这种模式的重要性,并考虑了日记主机嵌套是否可用以检测它们。那些已经藏有一两个杜鹃蛋的动物,这似乎违反直觉。我们还表明,在繁殖季节,杜鹃对寄主的选择方式各不相同,这表明,根据物候的不同,巢内寄生虫与寄主之间的相互作用是动态的。当不考虑感兴趣特征的宿主巢的可用性的时间动态特性时,这些模式将被隐藏。我们讨论了这种模式的重要性,并考虑了日记主机嵌套是否可用以检测它们。当不考虑感兴趣特征的宿主巢的可用性的时间动态特性时,这些模式将被隐藏。我们讨论了这种模式的重要性,并考虑了日志主机嵌套是否可用以检测它们。当不考虑感兴趣特征的宿主巢的可用性的时间动态特性时,这些模式将被隐藏。我们讨论了这种模式的重要性,并考虑了日记主机嵌套是否可用以检测它们。
更新日期:2020-03-28
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