Battery-less wireless systems generate their supply voltage from the incoming RF signal, and need to deal with the problem of generating sufficient voltage level required by their various blocks from weak input signals, while maintaining high efficiency. The presented voltage multiplier (VM) seeks to maximize the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by changing the RF-to-DC converter topology in the VM based on the incoming signal. Besides topology, the number of stages in the VM can change for the desired output dc voltage from the varying RF input signal. A prototype is fabricated in 0.35- $\mu \text{m}$ standard CMOS process, operating at 13.56 MHz with a 2 $\text{k}\Omega $ load. The core element in the VM yields a peak PCE of 76% with the cross-coupled topology at low input power, while the hybrid topology provides 70% PCE at higher input power. This reconfigurable VM can be used in RFID or Internet-of-Things (IoT) mobile applications to regulate power against changes in the distance between the power source and the target.

中文翻译：

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用于无线移动物联网应用的可重构无源电压倍增器

无电池无线系统从输入的 RF 信号生成电源电压，需要处理从弱输入信号生成其各种模块所需的足够电压电平的问题，同时保持高效率。所提出的电压倍增器 (VM) 旨在通过根据输入信号改变 VM 中的 RF 到 DC 转换器拓扑来最大化功率转换效率 (PCE)。除了拓扑结构之外，VM 中的级数可以根据不断变化的 RF 输入信号的所需输出直流电压而变化。原型是在 0.35- $\mu \text{m}$ 标准 CMOS 工艺，工作频率为 13.56 MHz，具有 2 $\text{k}\Omega $ 加载。VM 中的核心元件在低输入功率下使用交叉耦合拓扑产生 76% 的峰值 PCE，而混合拓扑在更高输入功率下提供 70% 的 PCE。这种可重新配置的 VM 可用于 RFID 或物联网 (IoT) 移动应用程序，以根据电源与目标之间的距离变化来调节功率。