Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are fundamental tools in the applications of modern power systems, where synchronized phasor estimations are needed. The accuracy and dynamic performance requirements for phasor, frequency, and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) estimations are established in the IEEE Std. C37.118.1-2011 along with the IEEE Std. C37.118.1a-2014, where two PMU performances are suggested: P class filters for applications requiring fast response and M class filters for applications requiring high rejection to aliased signals. In this paper, a methodology to design new phasor estimators that satisfy the P class and M class requirements in PMUs is presented. The proposed methodology is based on finite impulse response filters, brick-wall filters, and complex filter design concepts, where frequency range, time performance, harmonic rejection and out-of-band interference requirements are considered in its design. A comparative analysis using the reference model given by the IEEE Std. C37.118.1 is presented. The results show the effectiveness of the phasor estimators under steady-state and dynamic conditions according to the PMU standard, making them suitable tools for applications in power systems.

中文翻译：

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适用于PMU应用的新型相量估计器：P类和M类

相量测量单元（PMU）是现代电力系统中需要同步相量估计的应用中的基本工具。在IEEE标准中确定了对相量，频率和频率变化率（ROCOF）估计的精度和动态性能要求。C37.118.1-2011以及IEEE Std。C37.118.1a-2014，其中建议了两种PMU性能：用于需要快速响应的应用的P类滤波器和对于需要对混叠信号的高抑制的应用的M类滤波器。本文提出了一种设计满足PMU中P类和M类要求的新相量估计器的方法。拟议的方法基于有限脉冲响应滤波器，砖墙滤波器和复杂的滤波器设计概念，其中频率范围，时间性能，在设计中考虑了谐波抑制和带外干扰要求。使用IEEE标准提供的参考模型进行比较分析。呈现C37.118.1。结果表明，根据PMU标准，相量估计器在稳态和动态条件下的有效性，使其成为适用于电力系统的工具。