This article investigates performance in multiple concurrent tracking tasks with multisensory displays in a driving context. In many work domains, such as driving, aviation, process control, and medicine, humans perform “tracking” tasks that involve observing continuous variables and providing a control input to achieve and maintain satisfactory levels in those variables. Performance in multiple concurrent tracking tasks (“multitracking”) was studied in driving-like scenarios that challenged participants to track established targets for lateral (lane position) and longitudinal (speed) variables. Novel speed displays were developed to engage nontraditional sensory modalities (e.g., ambient-visual, auditory, or tactile) with relative speed conveyed through simple or multidimensional signal encoding methods. Participants’ speed-tracking and lane-tracking performances were measured concurrently and compared across display configurations within-subjects. Results showed lane tracking performance to be unaffected by display configuration; however, speed tracking and overall performance were significantly improved with novel displays, compared to the baseline configuration. Redundantly encoded auditory displays best-supported multitracking performance, but redundantly encoded tactile displays were not as beneficial as were simple encodings. These results provide insight into the human information processing of semicontinuous multisensory displays and can inform display design in driving and other visually demanding work contexts.

中文翻译：

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通过新颖的视觉、听觉和触觉显示支持多跟踪性能

本文研究了在驾驶环境中具有多感官显示的多个并发跟踪任务的性能。在许多工作领域，例如驾驶、航空、过程控制和医学，人类执行“跟踪”任务，包括观察连续变量并提供控制输入以实现并保持这些变量的令人满意的水平。在类似驾驶的场景中研究了多个并发跟踪任务（“多跟踪”）的性能，这些场景挑战参与者跟踪既定目标的横向（车道位置）和纵向（速度）变量。新型速度显示器被开发用于通过简单或多维信号编码方法传达的相对速度与非传统感官模式（例如，环境视觉、听觉或触觉）相结合。同时测量参与者的速度跟踪和车道跟踪性能，并在受试者内的显示配置之间进行比较。结果表明，车道跟踪性能不受显示器配置的影响；然而，与基线配置相比，新型显示器的速度跟踪和整体性能得到了显着改善。冗余编码的听觉显示最支持多跟踪性能，但冗余编码的触觉显示不如简单编码有益。这些结果提供了对半连续多感官显示器的人类信息处理的深入了解，并可以为驾驶和其他视觉要求高的工作环境中的显示器设计提供信息。结果表明，车道跟踪性能不受显示器配置的影响；然而，与基线配置相比，新型显示器的速度跟踪和整体性能得到了显着改善。冗余编码的听觉显示最支持多跟踪性能，但冗余编码的触觉显示不如简单编码有益。这些结果提供了对半连续多感官显示器的人类信息处理的深入了解，并可以为驾驶和其他视觉要求高的工作环境中的显示器设计提供信息。结果表明，车道跟踪性能不受显示器配置的影响；然而，与基线配置相比，新型显示器的速度跟踪和整体性能得到了显着改善。冗余编码的听觉显示最支持多跟踪性能，但冗余编码的触觉显示不如简单编码有益。这些结果提供了对半连续多感官显示器的人类信息处理的深入了解，并可以为驾驶和其他视觉要求高的工作环境中的显示器设计提供信息。但冗余编码的触觉显示器不如简单编码有益。这些结果提供了对半连续多感官显示器的人类信息处理的深入了解，并可以为驾驶和其他视觉要求高的工作环境中的显示器设计提供信息。但冗余编码的触觉显示器不如简单编码有益。这些结果提供了对半连续多感官显示器的人类信息处理的深入了解，并可以为驾驶和其他视觉要求高的工作环境中的显示器设计提供信息。