Tooth formation is accomplished under strict genetic control procedures. Therefore, exploring the gene network system of tooth development has a very positive practical significance for the study of tooth tissue regeneration and the prevention and treatment of tooth abnormalities. Early bell stage is the initial phase of odontoblast formation and dentin matrix deposition in the process of tooth development. Through RNA sequencing and differential gene analysis of the rat tooth germ samples at cap stage and early bell stage, we found that the bile secretion pathway was the most significant difference signal pathway during the development between cap stage and bell stage, which mainly included ABCC3, AQP4, SLC10A1, SLC2A1, SLC4A4, ADCY5, AQP9, CFTR, ATP1A2, ATP1B1 and ATP1A1, totally 11genes. Immunostaining revealed that SLC2A1, SLC4A4, ADCY5 and ATP1B1were mainly expressed in epithelium in bud stage and inner and outer enamel epithelium during the embryonic phase. In the postnatal 1 and postnatal 7, SLC2A1, SLC4A4 and ABCC3 were highly expressed in ameloblasts and odontoblasts while ADCY5, ATP1B1 and SLC10A1was expressed moderately only in odontoblasts. This finding illustrated that the bile secretion pathway related genes may participate in the development of tooth germ.

中文翻译：

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胆汁分泌途径相关基因参与大鼠牙胚发育

牙齿的形成是在严格的遗传控制程序下完成的。因此，探索牙齿发育的基因网络系统对于研究牙齿组织再生以及预防和治疗牙齿异常具有非常积极的现实意义。钟形早期是牙齿发育过程中成牙本质细胞形成和牙本质基质沉积的初始阶段。通过帽期和铃期早期大鼠牙胚样品的RNA测序和差异基因分析，我们发现胆汁分泌途径是帽期和铃期发育过程中最显着的差异信号途径，主要包括ABCC3， AQP4，SLC10A1，SLC2A1，SLC4A4，ADCY5，AQP9，CFTR，ATP1A2，ATP1B1和ATP1A1共11个基因。免疫染色显示SLC2A1，SLC4A4，ADCY5和ATP1B1主要在芽期的上皮以及胚胎期的内，外釉质上皮中表达。在出生后1和出生后7，SLC2A1，SLC4A4和ABCC3在成釉细胞和成牙本质细胞中高表达，而ADCY5，ATP1B1和SLC10A1仅在成牙细胞中表达。这一发现说明胆汁分泌途径相关基因可能参与了牙胚的发育。