Inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Besides MS disease-modifying therapy, targeting myelin sheath protection/regeneration is currently a hot spot in the treatment of MS. Here, we attempt to explore the therapeutic potential of Bilobalide (BB) for the myelin protection/regeneration in EAE model. The results showed that BB treatment effectively prevented worsening and demyelination of EAE, accompanied by the inhibition of neuroinflammation that should be closely related to T cell tolerance and M2 macrophages/microglia polarization. BB treatment substantially inhibited the infiltration of T cells and macrophages, thereby alleviating the enlargement of neuroinflammation and the apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in CNS. The accurate mechanism of BB action and the feasibility of clinical application in the prevention and treatment of demyelination remain to be further explored.

中文翻译：

---

bilobalide 对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎 (EAE) 小鼠的治疗潜力。

中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的炎性脱髓鞘是多发性硬化症 (MS) 及其动物模型实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎 (EAE) 的标志。除了 MS 疾病修饰疗法，靶向髓鞘保护/再生是目前 MS 治疗的热点。在这里，我们试图探索 Bilobalide (BB) 在 EAE 模型中髓鞘保护/再生的治疗潜力。结果表明，BB 治疗有效防止了 EAE 的恶化和脱髓鞘，同时抑制了与 T 细胞耐受性和 M2 巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞极化密切相关的神经炎症。BB 治疗显着抑制了 T 细胞和巨噬细胞的浸润，从而减轻了 CNS 神经炎症的扩大和少突胶质细胞的凋亡。