Grape (Vitis vinifera L.), a commercial fruit crop, is profoundly sensitive to gibberellic acid (GA), however exogenous application can significantly induce seedless grape berries. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanism of grape leafy cotyledon 1 (LEC1) on seedless induction remains intangible. Herein, the morphological changes of ‘Wink’ grape cultivar during berry development in response to GA treatments were recorded. To better comprehend the function of VvLEC1 in grape seedless berry induced by GA, the gene and protein sequence were determined by bioinformatics methods, of which motif elements analysis intimates the potential function in seed development. The expression level of VvLEC1 which was repressed by GA treatment, determined by RT PCR, exhibited highest up-regulation at four weeks after flowering in the seed. Furthermore, VvLEC1, a member of the nuclear factor Y subunit B (NF-YB-type) transcription factor, interacts with five proteins which belong to the NF-YC-type transcription factor by the prediction of protein interaction network, thus indicating their collective effects on the development of grape seed. Our research findings elucidate a novel molecular insight into the role of VvLEC1 responsive to GA in accentuating grapevine seed development, which is crucial for the molecular breeding of high-quality seedless grapes.

中文翻译：

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LEC1基因在赤霉素诱导葡萄无核果实发育过程中的特征及时空表达分析

葡萄 (Vitis vinifera L.) 是一种商业水果作物，对赤霉酸 (GA) 极为敏感，但外源施用可显着诱发无籽葡萄浆果。然而，葡萄叶子叶 1 (LEC1) 对无籽诱导的潜在分子机制仍然是无形的。在此，记录了 'Wink' 葡萄品种在浆果发育过程中响应 GA 处理的形态变化。为了更好地理解VvLEC1在GA诱导的葡萄无籽浆果中的功能，通过生物信息学方法确定了基因和蛋白质序列，其中基序元素分析揭示了其在种子发育中的潜在功能。由 GA 处理抑制的 VvLEC1 的表达水平，通过 RT PCR 确定，在种子开花后 4 周表现出最高的上调。此外，VvLEC1 是核因子 Y 亚基 B（NF-YB 型）转录因子的成员，通过蛋白质相互作用网络的预测与属于 NF-YC 型转录因子的五种蛋白质相互作用，从而表明它们对葡萄籽的开发。我们的研究结果阐明了对 GA 响应的 VvLEC1 在促进葡萄种子发育中的作用的新分子见解，这对于高质量无籽葡萄的分子育种至关重要。