Graphene oxide (GO), the functionalized graphene with oxygenated groups (mainly epoxy and hydroxyl), has attracted resurgent interests in the past decade owing to its large surface area, superior physical and chemical properties, and easy composition with other materials via surface functional groups. Usually, GO is used as an important raw material for mass production of graphene via reduction. However, under different conditions, the coverage, types, and arrangements of oxygen-containing groups in GO can be varied, which give rise to excellent and controllable physical properties, such as tunable electronic and mechanical properties depending closely on oxidation degree, suppressed thermal conductivity, optical transparency and fluorescence, and nonlinear optical properties. Based on these outstanding properties, many electronic, optical, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric devices with high performance can be achieved on the basis of GO. Here we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of GO, focusing on the atomic structures, fundamental physical properties, and related device applications, including transparent and flexible conductors, field-effect transistors, electrical and optical sensors, fluorescence quenchers, optical limiters and absorbers, surface enhanced Raman scattering detectors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and thermal rectifiers.

中文翻译：

---

氧化石墨烯的物理性质和器件应用

氧化石墨烯（GO）是具有氧化基团（主要是环氧和羟基）的官能化石墨烯，由于其较大的表面积，优异的物理和化学性质以及易于通过表面官能团与其他材料组成，在过去十年中引起了中兴的兴趣。 。通常，GO用作通过还原大量生产石墨烯的重要原料。然而，在不同条件下，GO中含氧基团的覆盖范围，类型和排列可以改变，从而产生出色且可控制的物理性能，例如可调节的电子和机械性能，密切依赖于氧化程度，抑制了热导率，光学透明度和荧光以及非线性光学特性。基于这些出色的特性，许多电子，光学，可以在GO的基础上实现高性能的光电和热电设备。在这里，我们对GO的最新进展进行了全面的回顾，重点是原子结构，基本物理特性以及相关的设备应用，包括透明和柔性导体，场效应晶体管，电和光传感器，荧光猝灭剂，光学限幅器和吸收剂，表面增强拉曼散射检测器，太阳能电池，发光二极管和热整流器。