This paper presents the technical, environmental, and economic evaluation of integrating various combinations of renewable energy sources-based systems in the expansion of a district heating and cooling network of a Technology Park near Barcelona in Spain. At present, a combined heat and power plant running on fossil fuels serves the heating, cooling, and electricity demand of the Park. However, this energy demand is expected to increase substantially in the coming years. EnergyPRO software was used to model the energy demand growth till 2030. Validation of the software application was done by making a base model using real plant data from the year 2014. The software was then used to project the energy supply based on three 15-year scenarios, having different combinations of renewable energy technologies, from 2016 until 2030. Primary energy consumption, CO₂ emissions, and the net present value obtained in each scenario were used to decide the best combinations of renewable energy sources. The results of the study showed that presently, biomass boilers combined with absorption chillers and supported with solar thermal cooling are the most competitive technologies in comparison to ground source heat pumps for large DHC networks. This is mainly because of the lower primary energy consumption (624,380 MWh/year in 2030 vs. 665,367 MWh/year), higher net present value (NPV) (222 million € vs. 178 million €), and lower CO₂ emissions (107,753 tons/year in 2030 vs. 111,166 tons/year) obtained as a result of the simulations.

中文翻译：

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将可再生能源整合到区域供热和制冷网络中的热经济和环境分析

本文介绍了在西班牙巴塞罗那附近的技术园区的区域供热和制冷网络的扩展中，将基于可再生能源的系统的各种组合集成在一起的技术，环境和经济评估。目前，以化石燃料为燃料的热电联产厂满足了园区的供热，制冷和电力需求。但是，预计未来几年这种能源需求将大大增加。使用EnergyPRO软件对直到2030年的能源需求增长进行建模。通过使用2014年以来的实际工厂数据建立基本模型，对软件应用程序进行了验证。然后，该软件用于基于三个15年的能源预测项目从2016年到2030年具有可再生能源技术的不同组合的情景。_2种排放量以及每种情况下获得的净现值用于确定可再生能源的最佳组合。研究结果表明，与大型DHC网络的地源热泵相比，目前结合吸收式制冷机并支持太阳能热冷却的生物质锅炉是最有竞争力的技术。这主要是由于较低的一次能源消耗（2030年为624,380 MWh /年，而同期为665,367 MWh /年），较高的净现值（NPV）（2.22亿欧元对1.78亿欧元）和较低的CO ₂排放量（107,753）模拟得出的结果是，到2030年，平均吨产量将达到111,166吨/年。