Purpose of Review

Biological aerosol particles play a crucial role in the Earth system, particularly in the land/ocean-atmosphere interactions. This paper aims to summarize the up-to-date research progresses on the characteristics, biomarkers as well as the health-related, climatic and ecological effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, especially in East Asia and South Asia.

Recent Findings

The atmospheric abundance, size distribution, and community structure of microorganisms show differences during haze and non-haze conditions. The long-distance transportation of dust-associated microorganisms influences the abundance and community structure of airborne microbes in downwind areas. Wildfire smoke or biomass burning potentially impacts the release, transport and dispersal of microorganisms in the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions and air pollutants likely interact with airborne microorganisms, pollen, and fluorescent biological aerosol particles. Molecular biomarkers including proteins and amino acids, sugars, and lipid compounds have been used to fingerprint the sources of biological aerosols and give important biogeochemical information of atmospheric aerosols. In addition to pathogenic and allergenic microorganisms and pollen, biological aerosol particles indicated by abundant endotoxins and antibiotic resistance genes could have significant impacts on public health. In polluted regions, the potential influences of biological aerosol particles on climate and ecosystems could be more complex.

Summary

We comprehensively summarize the recent research progresses on the characteristics, biomarkers, influencing factors, and effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, mostly in East Asia and South Asia. To further understand the complicated effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, the development and application of novel approaches and techniques as well as in-depth investigations on the roles of biological aerosol particles in atmospheric chemistry, cloud formation, and public health need to be implemented.

中文翻译：

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污染地区的生物气溶胶颗粒

审查目的

生物气溶胶颗粒在地球系统中，尤其是在陆地/海洋-大气相互作用中，起着至关重要的作用。本文旨在总结受污染地区，尤其是东亚和南亚地区生物气溶胶颗粒的特征，生物标志物以及与健康相关的气候和生态影响的最新研究进展。

最近的发现

在薄雾和非薄雾条件下，微生物的大气丰度，大小分布和群落结构都存在差异。与尘埃相关的微生物的长距离运输会影响顺风地区空气中微生物的丰度和群落结构。野火烟雾或生物质燃烧可能会影响大气中微生物的释放，运输和扩散。气象条件和空气污染物可能与空气传播的微生物，花粉和荧光生物气溶胶颗粒相互作用。包括蛋白质和氨基酸，糖和脂质化合物在内的分子生物标记物已用于指纹生物气溶胶的来源，并提供大气气溶胶的重要生物地球化学信息。除了致病和变应原微生物和花粉，具有丰富的内毒素和抗生素抗性基因的生物气溶胶颗粒可能对公共卫生产生重大影响。在受污染的地区，生物气溶胶颗粒对气候和生态系统的潜在影响可能更加复杂。

概要

我们全面总结了最近在受污染地区（主要是东亚和南亚）的生物气溶胶颗粒的特征，生物标志物，影响因素和影响方面的研究进展。为了进一步了解生物气溶胶颗粒在受污染地区的复杂影响，需要开发和应用新颖的方法和技术，并对生物气溶胶颗粒在大气化学，云形成和公共卫生中的作用进行深入研究。已实施。