Features and characteristics of wood as a natural smart material allow us to use it to create new smart biocomposite materials, intelligent systems and environments. The shape-memory effect of oak (Quercus robur L.) and birch (Betula pendula Roth) veneers was investigated. Thermomechanical spectrometry was used to study these two species, which makes it possible to establish the relationship between the deformation transformations and the nature of intermolecular interactions and the interchain organization of wood polymers. The quantitative and molecular relaxation characteristics of the topological structure were obtained for the characterization of the shape-memory effect for the permanent, temporary and after recovery shapes of birch and oak wood samples. The results showed a relationship between the quantities of shape-memory effect and changes in the molecular-topological structure. A reversible transformation of a topological structure was experimentally confirmed for birch and oak woods, with the formation of a temporary deformation and the recovery of the original permanent shapes.

中文翻译：

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橡木（Quercus robur L.）和桦木（Betula pendula Roth）分子拓扑结构及其形状记忆效应的实验研究

木材作为天然智能材料的特性和特性使我们能够使用它来创造新的智能生物复合材料、智能系统和环境。研究了橡木 (Quercus robur L.) 和桦木 (Betula pendula Roth) 贴面的形状记忆效应。热机械光谱法用于研究这两种物质，这使得可以建立变形转变与分子间相互作用的性质和木材聚合物的链间组织之间的关系。获得拓扑结构的定量和分子弛豫特性，用于表征桦木和橡木样品的永久、临时和恢复后形状的形状记忆效应。结果表明形状记忆效应的数量与分子拓扑结构的变化之间存在关系。通过实验证实了桦木和橡木的拓扑结构的可逆转变，形成了临时变形并恢复了原始的永久形状。