We trace the historical fate of experiment and theory of microwave-stimulated superconductivity as originally reported for constriction-type superconducting weak links. It is shown that the observed effect disappeared by improving weak links to obtain the desired Josephson-properties. Separate experiments were carried out to evaluate the validity of the proposed theory of Eliash'berg for superconducting films in a microwave field, without reaching a full quantitatively reliable measurement of the stimulated energy gap in a microwave-field, but convincing enough to understand the earlier deviations of the Josephson-effect. Over the same time-period microwave-stimulated superconductivity continued to be present in superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson weak links. This experimental body of work was left unexplained for several decades and could only be understood properly after the microscopic theory of the proximity-effect had matured enough, including its non-equilibrium aspects. The complex interplay between proximity-effect and the occupation of states continuous to be, in a variety of ways, at the core of the ongoing research on hybrid Josephson-junctions. The subject has also become relevant again in the power-dependence of superconducting microwave resonators.

中文翻译：

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辐射刺激超导性的发现、消失和重新出现

我们追溯了微波激励超导实验和理论的历史命运，正如最初报道的收缩型超导薄弱环节。结果表明，通过改进薄弱环节以获得所需的约瑟夫森特性，观察到的效果消失了。进行了单独的实验以评估所提出的 Eliash'berg 理论在微波场中的超导薄膜的有效性，没有达到对微波场中受激能隙的完全定量可靠的测量，但足以令人信服地理解早期的约瑟夫森效应的偏差。在同一时间段内，微波刺激的超导性继续存在于超导体-普通金属-超导体约瑟夫森薄弱环节中。几十年来，这项实验工作一直没有得到解释，只有在邻近效应的微观理论（包括其非平衡方面）足够成熟后才能正确理解。邻近效应和状态占领之间复杂的相互作用以各种方式继续成为正在进行的混合约瑟夫森结研究的核心。该主题还与超导微波谐振器的功率相关性再次相关。