To understand the displacement characteristics and remaining oil displacement process by the surfactant/polymer (SP) flooding in cores with different pore structures, the effects of pore structure on the enhanced oil recovery of SP flooding was investigated at the pore, core and field scales through conducting experiments on natural core samples with three typical types of pore structures. First, the in-situ nuclear magnetic resonance core flooding test was carried out to capture the remaining oil variation features in the water flooding and SP flooding through these three types of cores. Subsequently, at the core scale, displacement characteristics and performances of water flooding and SP flooding in these three types of cores were evaluated based on the full-size core flooding tests. Finally, at the field scale, production characteristics of SP flooding in the bimodal sandstone reservoir and multimodal conglomerate reservoir were compared using the actual field production data. The results show: as the pore structure gets more and more complex, the water flooding performance gets poorer, but the incremental recovery factor by SP flooding gets higher; the SP flooding can enhance the producing degree of oil in 1–3 μm pores in the unimodal and bimodal core samples, while it produces largely oil in medium and large pores more than 3 μm in pore radius in the multimodal core sample. The core flooding test using full-size core sample demonstrates that the injection of SP solution can significantly raise up the displacement pressure of the multimodal core sample, and greatly enhance recovery factor by emulsifying the remaining oil and enlarging swept volume. Compared with the sandstone reservoir, the multimodal conglomerate reservoir is more prone to channeling. With proper profile control treatments to efficiently enlarge the microscopic and macroscopic swept volumes, SP flooding in the conglomerate reservoir can contribute to lower water cuts and longer effective durations.

为了了解在不同孔隙结构的岩心中表面活性剂/聚合物（SP）驱替的驱替特征和剩余油驱替过程，研究了孔隙结构在孔隙，岩心和田间尺度上对SP驱提高采收率的影响。在具有三种典型类型的孔结构的天然岩心样品上进行实验。首先，进行了现场核磁共振岩心驱油测试，以捕获通过这三种类型的岩心在水驱和SP驱油中剩余的油变化特征。随后，在岩心规模的基础上，基于全尺寸岩心驱替试验，评估了这三种类型岩心的水驱和SP驱替的位移特征和性能。最后，在实地规模上 利用实际的现场生产资料，比较了双峰砂岩油藏和多峰砾岩油藏SP驱的生产特征。结果表明：随着孔隙结构越来越复杂，注水性能变差，但SP驱的增量采收率却越来越高。SP驱可以提高单峰和双峰岩心样品中1-3μm孔隙中的产油度，而在多峰岩心样品中，在孔径大于3μm的中孔和大孔隙中大量产油。使用全尺寸岩心样品进行岩心驱油测试表明，注入SP溶液可以显着提高多峰岩心样品的驱替压力，并通过乳化剩余油和增大扫掠体积来大大提高采收率。与砂岩储集层相比，多峰砾岩储集层更易于窜流。通过适当的剖面控制处理以有效地扩大微观和宏观清扫体积，砾岩储层中的SP驱油可有助于降低含水率和延长有效期。