Master CD4+ T cell lineage determined transcription factors are found to be dysregulated in pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. CD4+ T cells categorized into different lineages based on their functions, cell surface markers and master transcription factors those required for expression of lineage specific cytokines. T-bet, GATA3, RORγt and Foxp3 are major transcription regulators of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells respectively. Significant progress has been made in understanding expression of lineage specific master regulators that drives CD4+ T cell differentiation. It is known that each CD4+ T cell lineage express precise determined transcription factor and due to cross regulation between these factors the CD4+ T cells able to maintain thier specific phenotype. However, recent studies shows that the lineage specifying transcription factors frequently co-expressed. There is an emerging area of research revealing that the co-expression of lineage-specifying transcription factors alters the potential function and flexibility of subsets of CD4+ T cell, this in turn favors the autoimmune pathology. Here, we discuss similarities and differences between mutually co-expressed transcription factors in CD4+ T cell subsets and then recapitulates on cell type specific and dynamic balance between the lineage restricted transcription factors in determining plasticity of CD4+ T cell subsets. Furthermore, we discuss abnormal regulation of such transcription factors that establishes a pathogenic CD4+ T cell phenotype in autoimmune diseases and how this understanding will provide further insight into potential therapeutic development.

中文翻译：

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主转录因子的共表达决定了CD4 + T细胞的可塑性和自身炎症性疾病的功能。

发现CD4 + T细胞主谱确定的转录因子在自身免疫性疾病和炎性疾病的发病机理中失调。CD4 + T细胞根据其功能，细胞表面标记和表达这些谱系特异性细胞因子所需的主转录因子分为不同的谱系。T-bet，GATA3，RORγt和Foxp3分别是Th1，Th2，Th17和Treg细胞的主要转录调节因子。在了解驱动CD4 + T细胞分化的谱系特异性主调节子的表达方面已取得重大进展。已知每个CD4 + T细胞谱系表达精确确定的转录因子，并且由于这些因子之间的交叉调节，使得CD4 + T细胞能够维持其特异性表型。然而，最近的研究表明，指定转录因子的谱系经常共表达。有一个新兴的研究领域揭示了谱系特异性转录因子的共表达改变了CD4 + T细胞亚群的潜在功能和灵活性，从而有利于自身免疫病理学。在这里，我们讨论了CD4 + T细胞亚群中共同表达的转录因子之间的异同，然后概括了细胞类型特异性和谱系限制转录因子之间的动态平衡，以确定CD4 + T细胞亚群的可塑性。此外，