Introduction

Active transportation modes such as bicycling are key elements of sustainable transportation. In order to promote bicycling as an alternative form of transportation, a holistic approach to improving the quality of the biking experience is needed. The planning of bicycle routes typically takes into consideration available right-of-way, existing roadway infrastructure, and safety concerns, among other factors. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution, on the other hand, is rarely considered despite bicyclists being vulnerable to the harmful air pollution due to their direct exposure to vehicular exhaust and increased breathing rate during biking.

Methods

This paper presents a method for incorporating exposure to traffic-related air pollution as another consideration in the bicycle route planning process. The method first applies a streamlined process for estimating the level of near-road air pollution concentration. Then a bicycle route planning tool is developed which allows planners and engineers to compare the exposure of bicyclists to traffic-related air pollution among different bicycle route options. Additionally, this paper demonstrates how to apply the method in two case studies in the City of Riverside, California.

Results

Through the case studies, it is shown that considering exposure to traffic-related air pollution can change the results of bicycle route planning.

Conclusions

The presented case studies illustrate how the consideration of exposure to traffic-related air pollution could impact the results of bicycle route planning. Planners may refer to the presented method or use the information in the analysis differently based on their needs in specific projects. Planners and stakeholders may jointly determine how important the different factors, including exposure to traffic-related air pollution, are in relation to one another and what tradeoff between different factors will be.

中文翻译：

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在自行车道规划中考虑与交通有关的空气污染的暴露

介绍

骑自行车等主动交通方式是可持续交通的关键要素。为了促进骑自行车作为一种替代的运输方式，需要一种整体的方法来提高骑车体验的质量。自行车路线的规划通常会考虑可用的通行权，现有道路基础设施以及安全问题等因素。另一方面，尽管骑自行车的人由于直接暴露于车辆排气中并增加了骑车时的呼吸速度而容易受到有害空气污染的影响，但很少考虑与交通相关的空气污染。

方法

本文提出了一种将暴露于交通相关空气污染的方法作为自行车路线规划过程中的另一个考虑因素。该方法首先应用简化的过程来估计近道路空气污染浓度水平。然后，开发了一种自行车路线规划工具，使计划人员和工程师可以在不同的自行车路线选项之间比较骑自行车者受到与交通相关的空气污染的风险。此外，本文还演示了如何在加利福尼亚河滨市的两个案例研究中应用该方法。

结果

通过案例研究表明，考虑与交通相关的空气污染可以改变自行车路线规划的结果。

结论

提出的案例研究说明了与交通相关的空气污染暴露的考虑如何影响自行车路线规划的结果。计划人员可以参考他们提出的方法，也可以根据他们在特定项目中的需求，不同地使用分析中的信息。计划者和利益相关者可以共同确定不同因素之间的重要程度，包括交通相关的空气污染的暴露，以及不同因素之间的权衡。