In the last several decades, advancements in chemotherapy have improved the overall survival of cancer patients. These agents, however, are associated with adverse effects, including various kidney lesions. This review summarizes the nephrotoxic potential of chemotherapy agents, old and new, as well as the different factors that contribute to kidney injury. Provided for each class of chemotherapy agent is the associated kidney lesion and a brief discussion of clinical manifestation, mechanism of action, and possible treatment when available. Understanding the nephrotoxic potential of these agents have on the kidneys is imperative for both the oncologist and the nephrologist to properly care for cancer patients and ensure their best outcomes.

在过去的几十年中，化学疗法的进步提高了癌症患者的整体生存率。但是，这些药物与不良反应有关，包括各种肾脏损害。这篇综述总结了新旧化疗药物的肾毒性潜力，以及导致肾脏损伤的不同因素。为每类化疗药物提供相关的肾脏病变，并简要讨论临床表现，作用机理和可能的治疗方法。了解这些药物对肾脏的潜在肾毒性，对于肿瘤科医生和肾科医生来说，必须正确地照顾癌症患者并确保其最佳结局。