Intravenous and intraarterial contrast media are invaluable tools in the diagnosis of anatomic lesions. However, they have been associated with deleterious renal events, ranging from acute kidney injury (iodinated contrast) to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (gadolinium-containing agents). Contrast-associated acute kidney injury has a wide incidence, likely due to differences in populations studied, with incidence likely overstated due to comorbid conditions at the time of contrast exposure. Pathophysiology includes hemodynamic and direct toxic effects. Preventative strategies include intravenous saline administration, higher urine pH, and statin administration. Importantly, because of fears of contrast-associated acute kidney injury, practitioners may be selecting only the healthiest patients for contrast exposure. Gadolinium-based contrast agents may cause their toxicity through being unbound from their ligand, and certain preparations may be less harmful than others.

静脉内和动脉内造影剂是诊断解剖学病变的宝贵工具。然而，它们与有害的肾脏事件相关，从急性肾脏损伤（碘对比）到肾源性全身纤维化（含ga试剂）。造影剂相关的急性肾损伤的发生率很高，这可能是由于研究人群的差异所致，而由于造影剂暴露时的合并症，其发生率可能被高估了。病理生理学包括血液动力学和直接毒性作用。预防策略包括静脉注射生理盐水，较高的尿液pH和他汀类药物。重要的是，由于担心与造影剂相关的急性肾损伤，医生可能只选择最健康的患者进行造影剂暴露。