This study presents a water mass analysis along the JC150 section in the subtropical North Atlantic, based on hydrographic and nutrient data, by combining an extended optimum multiparameter analysis (OMPA) with a Lagrangian particle tracking experiment (LPTE). This combination, which was proposed for the first time, aided in better constraining the OMPA end-member choice and providing information about their trajectories. It also enabled tracing the water mass origins in surface layers, which cannot be achieved with an OMPA. The surface layers were occupied by a shallow type of Eastern South Atlantic Central Water (ESACW) with traces of the Amazon plume in the west. Western North Atlantic Central Water dominates from 100 to 500 m, while the 13 °C-ESACW contribution occurs marginally deeper (500–900 m). At approximately 700 m, Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) dominates the west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), while Mediterranean Water dominates the east with a small but non-negligible contribution down to 3500 m. Below AAIW, Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) is observed throughout section (900–1250 m). Labrador Sea Water (LSW) is found centered at 1500 m, where the LPTE highlights an eastern LSW route from the eastern North Atlantic to the eastern subtropical Atlantic, which was not previously reported. North East Atlantic Deep Water (encompassing a contribution of Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water) is centered at ~2500 m, while North West Atlantic Bottom Water (NWABW, encompassing a contribution of Denmark Strait Overflow Water) is principally localized in the west of the MAR in the range of 3500–5000 m. NWABW is also present in significant proportions (>25%) in the east of the MAR, suggesting a crossing of the MAR possibly through the Kane fracture zone. This feature has not been investigated so far. Finally, Antarctic Bottom Water is present in deep waters throughout the section, mainly in the west of the MAR. Source waters have been characterized from GEOTRACES sections, which enables estimations of trace elements and isotope transport within water masses in the subtropical North Atlantic.

这项研究通过结合扩展的最优多参数分析（OMPA）和拉格朗日粒子跟踪实验（LPTE），根据水文和营养数据，对北亚热带JC150断面的水质进行了分析。首次提出的这种组合有助于更好地限制OMPA最终成员的选择并提供有关其轨迹的信息。它还可以追踪表层中水的来源，而这是OMPA无法实现的。这些表层被一种浅水型的南大西洋东部中央水域（ESACW）所占据，西部有亚马逊羽状流的痕迹。北大西洋西部中央水区占主导地位的范围是100至500 m，而13°C-ESACW的贡献略深一些（500-900 m）。在大约700 m处 南大西洋中脊（MAR）的西部以南极中层水（AAIW）为主，而到3500 m以下，地中海水则以东部为主，但贡献不小。在AAIW下方，整个断面（900-1250 m）都观察到了上极极深水（UCDW）。拉布拉多海水（LSW）位于1500 m的中心，LPTE突出显示了从北大西洋东部到亚热带东部东部的LSW东部路线，以前没有报道。东北大西洋深水区（包括冰岛-苏格兰溢流水的贡献）的中心为〜2500 m，而西北大西洋底水（NWABW，包括丹麦海峡溢流水的贡献）主要位于MAR的西部在3500–5000 m范围内。NWABW的比例也很高（> 25％）位于MAR东部，表明MAR可能穿过了Kane断裂带。到目前为止，尚未研究此功能。最后，整个断面的深水中都存在南极底水，主要是在MAR的西部。GEOTRACES部分对源水进行了表征，从而可以估算亚热带北大西洋水体中的痕量元素和同位素迁移。