A large gap between the number of people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who received kidney replacement therapy (KRT) and those who needed it has been recently identified, and it is estimated that approximately one-half to three-quarters of all people with ESKD in the world may have died prematurely because they could not receive KRT. This estimate is aligned with a previous report that estimated that >3 million people in the world died each year because they could not access KRT. This review discusses the reasons for the differences in treated and untreated ESKD and KRT modalities and outcomes and presents strategies to close the global KRT gap by establishing robust health information systems to guide resource allocation to areas of need, inform KRT service planning, enable policy development, and monitor KRT health outcomes.

最近发现接受肾脏替代疗法（KRT）的患有终末期肾脏病（ESKD）的人数与需要肾脏替代疗法的人数之间存在很大差距，据估计，这大约占所有参与者的四分之一至四分之三世界上患有ESKD的人可能因无法接受KRT而过早死亡。此估计与先前的报告一致，该报告估计全世界每年有超过300万人因为无法使用KRT而死亡。这篇综述讨论了治疗和未治疗的ESKD和KRT方式和结果差异的原因，并提出了通过建立健全的健康信息系统来指导全球KRT差距的战略，以指导将资源分配到需要的领域，为KRT服务规划提供信息，制定政策，并监控KRT健康状况。