Abstract Construction of nanostructures on surfaces has appealed intensive attention due to its significant applications in diverse fields. Especially, engineering surface properties via surficial nanostructures is actually the creation of functional interface-based materials and slated to be the key aspect for the future of materials science. Although many efforts have been made, there are only a few reports about the construction of nanostructures on carbon nanotube film surfaces. The big challenge for constructing on carbon films is that these carbon assemblies are easy to be dispersed by immersion in a chemical solution. Here, in this paper, we have shown for the first time the fabrication of different kinds of nanostructures, i.e. nanoneedles, nanoparticles, nanospirals, on carbon nanotube films by using facile and cheap electrodeposition method and precise physical deposition method. We pretreat the films by an electrical method to strengthen the films to avoid dispersion during the electrodeposition process. These composite films are still very flexible after coating with nanostructures. Compared with those precise physical deposition methods, the facile electrodeposition method is more suitable for constructing nanostructures on carbon nanotube films, due to the low requirement for planeness of films. It is interesting to find that these nanostructures can endow superhydrophobicity or higher conductivity for these flexible composite films, which greatly broaden the potential applications for carbon nanotube films in the fields of battery, moisture self-cleaning, electrostatic energy harvesting, and enhancing condensation heat transfer for more efficiency of energy utilization, environmental, and thermal management.

中文翻译：

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在碳纳米管薄膜上构建各种纳米结构

摘要 表面纳米结构的构建因其在不同领域的重要应用而受到广泛关注。特别是，通过表面纳米结构的工程表面特性实际上是基于功能界面的材料的创造，并将成为材料科学未来的关键方面。尽管已经做出了很多努力，但关于在碳纳米管薄膜表面构建纳米结构的报道很少。在碳膜上构建的最大挑战是这些碳组件很容易通过浸入化学溶液而分散。在这里，在本文中，我们首次展示了不同种类纳米结构的制造，即纳米针、纳米颗粒、纳米螺旋、使用简便廉价的电沉积方法和精确的物理沉积方法在碳纳米管薄膜上。我们通过电学方法对薄膜进行预处理，以加强薄膜，以避免在电沉积过程中发生分散。这些复合薄膜在涂上纳米结构后仍然非常柔软。与那些精确的物理沉积方法相比，简便的电沉积方法更适合在碳纳米管薄膜上构建纳米结构，因为对薄膜的平整度要求不高。有趣的是，这些纳米结构可以赋予这些柔性复合薄膜超疏水性或更高的导电性，极大地拓宽了碳纳米管薄膜在电池、水分自清洁、静电能量收集、