Abstract The growth in textile and printing industries proven detrimental to the aquatic environment as the industrial waste containing dye seeped into the ecosystem. A high concentration of dye in water possess negative impacts on water ecosystem and harmful to human health. Removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from industrial waste via adsorption pathway has been widely investigated that promised high efficiency of MB removal. This review will summarize researches published from 2008 to 2019 on the removal of MB using carbon adsorbent with focus will be given on the synthesis and modification of carbon-based materials, and the structural properties influencing the performance of MB adsorption. Summary on the type of material used for the synthesis of carbon materials (activated carbon and biochar) will be included from utilization of the naturally occurring carbon sources such as polymers, biomasses and biowastes, and also sucrose and hydrocarbon gases. Modification of carbon materials such as chemical activation and physical activation; surface grafting to form functionalized surfaces; deposition with metal and magnetic nanoparticles via impregnation; and manufacturing of carbon composites will be discussed on the effects to promote MB adsorption and desorption. Another type of carbon adsorbents such as porous carbon; graphitic carbons including graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon nitride (g-C3N4); and finally nanocarbon in the form of nanotube, nanorod and nanofiber; will be included in the review with details on the synthesis method and the correlation between structural properties and adsorption activity. The regeneration process to increase the life cycle of carbon adsorbent will also be discussed based on two regeneration pathway i.e. a thermal degradation and desorption on MB. Finally the thermodynamics, kinetics, and the adsorption models of MB on carbon adsorbent will be discussed in this review.

中文翻译：

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碳基吸附剂去除废水中亚甲基蓝的研究进展

摘要 随着含有染料的工业废物渗入生态系统，纺织和印刷业的发展对水生环境有害。水中高浓度的染料会对水生态系统产生负面影响，对人体健康有害。通过吸附途径从工业废物中去除亚甲蓝 (MB) 染料已被广泛研究，这有望实现高效的 MB 去除。本综述将总结 2008 年至 2019 年发表的关于使用碳吸附剂去除 MB 的研究，重点介绍碳基材料的合成和改性，以及影响 MB 吸附性能的结构特性。用于合成碳材料（活性炭和生物炭）的材料类型的摘要将包括利用天然碳源，如聚合物、生物质和生物废物，以及蔗糖和碳氢化合物气体。碳材料的化学活化、物理活化等改性；表面接枝以形成功能化表面；通过浸渍沉积金属和磁性纳米颗粒；和制造碳复合材料将讨论促进 MB 吸附和解吸的效果。另一类碳吸附剂，如多孔碳；石墨碳，包括石墨、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯和氮化碳（g-C3N4）；最后是纳米管、纳米棒和纳米纤维形式的纳米碳；将包括在评论中，详细介绍合成方法以及结构特性与吸附活性之间的相关性。还将基于两种再生途径，即 MB 的热降解和解吸，讨论增加碳吸附剂生命周期的再生过程。最后，本文将讨论 MB 在碳吸附剂上的热力学、动力学和吸附模型。