Abstract With the advent of Materials Science-based technological advances, the fabrication of materials that could simultaneously exhibit both mechanical and processing properties of polymers and unique electrical characteristics of metals is a requirement with prior mandate. With the development of conducting polymers, great opportunities have been established, and novel devices with the significant features have emerged. Polyaniline (PANI) and its derivatives have attracted immense attention because of their fascinating properties, including high conductivity, inexpensiveness of starting material, unique redox behavior, facile synthesis, tunable properties, appropriate electrochemical and environmental stability, and strong bimolecular interactions. Nanostructures based on PANI have shown improved functionalities in various applications. In this article, different synthesis strategies such as interfacial polymerization, microwave-assisted polymerization, and sonochemical polymerization among others have been summarized. Besides, PANI-based nanocomposites and their various industrial, as well as biomedical applications in supercapacitors, batteries, gas vapor sensors, printable electronics, electrochromics, actuators, electrostatic dissipation, electromagnetic interference shielding, corrosion protection, filtration membranes, microbial fuel cell, biosensors, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems, have been discussed in detail.

中文翻译：

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基于聚苯胺的多功能微/纳米结构：现代新兴器件概述

摘要 随着以材料科学为基础的技术进步的出现，制造能够同时表现聚合物的机械和加工性能以及金属独特的电特性的材料是一项优先任务。随着导电聚合物的发展，创造了巨大的机遇，并出现了具有显着特征的新型器件。聚苯胺 (PANI) 及其衍生物因其引人入胜的性质而引起了极大的关注，包括高导电性、起始材料廉价、独特的氧化还原行为、易于合成、可调节的性质、适当的电化学和环境稳定性以及强的双分子相互作用。基于 PANI 的纳米结构已在各种应用中显示出改进的功能。在本文中，总结了不同的合成策略，如界面聚合、微波辅助聚合和声化学聚合等。此外，PANI 基纳米复合材料及其在超级电容器、电池、气体蒸汽传感器、可印刷电子产品、电致变色、致动器、静电耗散、电磁干扰屏蔽、腐蚀防护、过滤膜、微生物燃料电池、生物传感器中的各种工业和生物医学应用、组织工程和药物输送系统，已经详细讨论过。