The spatial variability of groundwater quality in rural Mokopane District is investigated. This was achieved by evaluating the variability in groundwater physio-chemical parameters in relation to Land Use and Land Cover (LULC)using Kriging geo-statistical technique and key groundwater physio-chemical parameters namely; ammonia, lead, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), nitrates and chloride. Firstly, we derived the LULC from 30-m Landsat 8-OLI satellite data, with an overall accuracy of 76.67%. Water quality parameters were modelled in geographic information systems using the kriging interpolation technique. We then compared measured water quality and the drinking standards recommended by the South African Water Quality Standards (SAWS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline standards for drinking water. Results indicated that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of physio-chemical contents between borehole water and standard values according to the SAWS and WHO. For example, TDS in Mosesetjane exceeded both SAWS and WHO drinking water levels. Nitrate concentrations were also high on the first and second quarter with concentration levels of 5.56–29 mg/l and 30.9 mg/l in Mosesetjane, respectively. However, lead and ammonia were found to be evenly distributed in all the four quarters, but exhibited some slight deviations from the standard levels (±4.7 mg/l) in selected quarters. Results also indicated significant differences in TDS, chloride and nitrate concentrations across different LULC types. Subsistence farming and built-up areas were the main LULC types that were found to have high concentrations of TDS, ammonia and nitrates, exceeding the recommended standards. However, lead and ammonia, did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) and these parameters were fairly distributed, with less spatial variability . The second quarter, extending between October and December, and the fourth quarter, extending from April to June, exhibited high concentrations of nitrates, chloride and TDS during the wet season. On the other hand, the first and third quarter of the dry period were associated with low concentrations. This study indicated that LULC types and seasonal variability have influence on specific groundwater quality parameters.

研究了莫科帕内农村地区地下水质量的空间变异性。这是通过使用克里格（Kriging）地统计学技术和关键的地下水理化参数评估与土地利用和土地覆盖率（LULC）相关的地下水理化参数的变化来实现的；氨，铅，总溶解固体（TDS），硝酸盐和氯化物。首先，我们从30米的Landsat 8-OLI卫星数据中得出了LULC，总精度为76.67％。使用克里格插值技术在地理信息系统中对水质参数进行建模。然后，我们比较了测得的水质和南非水质标准（SAWS）和世界卫生组织（WHO）饮用水准则所推荐的饮水标准。结果表明，根据SAWS和WHO，井水中的理化含量与标准值之间存在显着差异（p <0.05）。例如，Mosesetjane中的TDS超过了SAWS和WHO的饮用水水平。在第一季度和第二季度，硝酸盐浓度也很高，在Mosesetjane中分别为5.56–29 mg / l和30.9 mg / l。但是，发现铅和氨在所有四个季度中分布均匀，但在选定的季度中，与标准水平（±4.7 mg / l）略有偏差。结果还表明，不同LULC类型的TDS，氯化物和硝酸盐浓度存在显着差异。自给自足的农业和集约区是主要的LULC类型，被发现具有较高的TDS浓度，氨和硝酸盐，超过推荐标准。但是，铅和氨没有显着差异（p> 0.05），并且这些参数分布均匀，空间变异性较小。在十月至十二月之间的第二季度，以及从四月至六月之间的第四季度，在雨季都表现出高浓度的硝酸盐，氯化物和TDS。另一方面，干燥期的第一和第三季度与低浓度有关。这项研究表明，LULC类型和季节变化对特定的地下水水质参数有影响。在十月至十二月之间延伸的第四季度，从四月至六月延伸的第四季度，在雨季表现出高浓度的硝酸盐，氯化物和TDS。另一方面，干燥期的第一和第三季度与低浓度有关。这项研究表明，LULC类型和季节变化对特定的地下水水质参数有影响。在十月至十二月之间延伸的第四季度，从四月至六月延伸的第四季度，在雨季表现出高浓度的硝酸盐，氯化物和TDS。另一方面，干燥期的第一和第三季度与低浓度有关。这项研究表明，LULC类型和季节变化对特定的地下水水质参数有影响。